Systematic Review on Human Skin-Compatible Wearable Photoplethysmography Sensors

Lee, Inho; Park, Nakkyun; Lee, Hanbee; Hwang, Chuljin; Kim, Joo Hee; Park, Sung-Jun

doi:10.3390/app11052313

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Third, the benefit of ANS-mediated peripheral signals available in wearable devices for the assessment of sleep quality has not been clearly quantified, for a number of reasons. This includes measures of the ANS from lower quality sources that are subjected to error distortion, as can happen from the wrist or arm [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Fourth, while it is clear from published literature that accelerometer, ANS, temperature, and circadian rhythm-derived features are all discriminative of different physiological changes occurring during sleep, no comprehensive and systematic analysis of the relative impact of these features has been reported on a large set of individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Promise of Sleep: A Multi-Sensor Approach for Accurate Sleep Stage Detection Using the Oura Ring

Altini

Kinnunen²

2021

Sensors

111

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Consumer-grade sleep trackers represent a promising tool for large scale studies and health management. However, the potential and limitations of these devices remain less well quantified. Addressing this issue, we aim at providing a comprehensive analysis of the impact of accelerometer, autonomic nervous system (ANS)-mediated peripheral signals, and circadian features for sleep stage detection on a large dataset. Four hundred and forty nights from 106 individuals, for a total of 3444 h of combined polysomnography (PSG) and physiological data from a wearable ring, were acquired. Features were extracted to investigate the relative impact of different data streams on 2-stage (sleep and wake) and 4-stage classification accuracy (light NREM sleep, deep NREM sleep, REM sleep, and wake). Machine learning models were evaluated using a 5-fold cross-validation and a standardized framework for sleep stage classification assessment. Accuracy for 2-stage detection (sleep, wake) was 94% for a simple accelerometer-based model and 96% for a full model that included ANS-derived and circadian features. Accuracy for 4-stage detection was 57% for the accelerometer-based model and 79% when including ANS-derived and circadian features. Combining the compact form factor of a finger ring, multidimensional biometric sensory streams, and machine learning, high accuracy wake-sleep detection and sleep staging can be accomplished.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Promise of Sleep: A Multi-Sensor Approach for Accurate Sleep Stage Detection Using the Oura Ring

Altini

Kinnunen²

2021

Sensors

111

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“…Most basic human characteristics can be evaluated by the flow of blood in the subcutaneous tissue. PPG sensors can detect these indicators by monitoring pulsatile changes in blood flow [136][137][138][139]. The device can be operated in two different modes: Reflective or transmitting mode.…”

Section: The Applications Of Organic Phototransistorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Solution-Processed Organic Phototransistors and Their Recent Developments

et al. 2022

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Today, more disciplines are intercepting each other, giving rise to “cross-disciplinary” research. Technological advancements in material science and device structure and production have paved the way towards development of new classes of multi-purpose sensory devices. Organic phototransistors (OPTs) are photo-activated sensors based on organic field-effect transistors that convert incident light signals into electrical signals. The organic semiconductor (OSC) layer and three-electrode structure of an OPT offer great advantages for light detection compared to conventional photodetectors and photodiodes, due to their signal amplification and noise reduction characteristics. Solution processing of the active layer enables mass production of OPT devices at significantly reduced cost. The chemical structure of OSCs can be modified accordingly to fulfil detection at various wavelengths for different purposes. Organic phototransistors have attracted substantial interest in a variety of fields, namely biomedical, medical diagnostics, healthcare, energy, security, and environmental monitoring. Lightweight and mechanically flexible and wearable OPTs are suitable alternatives not only at clinical levels but also for point-of-care and home-assisted usage. In this review, we aim to explain different types, working mechanism and figures of merit of organic phototransistors and highlight the recent advances from the literature on development and implementation of OPTs for a broad range of research and real-life applications.

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“…Due to the many factors affecting blood flow, including cardiac, neural, and respiratory factors, it is possible to look at many physiological parameters. PPG is currently used to measure several different aspects of heart health, including blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate [48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Mechanics Of Ppgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Materials and Flexible Sensors for Arrhythmia Detection

2022

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Arrhythmias are one of the leading causes of death in the United States, and their early detection is essential for patient wellness. However, traditional arrhythmia diagnosis by expert evaluation from intermittent clinical examinations is time-consuming and often lacks quantitative data. Modern wearable sensors and machine learning algorithms have attempted to alleviate this problem by providing continuous monitoring and real-time arrhythmia detection. However, current devices are still largely limited by the fundamental mismatch between skin and sensor, giving way to motion artifacts. Additionally, the desirable qualities of flexibility, robustness, breathability, adhesiveness, stretchability, and durability cannot all be met at once. Flexible sensors have improved upon the current clinical arrhythmia detection methods by following the topography of skin and reducing the natural interface mismatch between cardiac monitoring sensors and human skin. Flexible bioelectric, optoelectronic, ultrasonic, and mechanoelectrical sensors have been demonstrated to provide essential information about heart-rate variability, which is crucial in detecting and classifying arrhythmias. In this review, we analyze the current trends in flexible wearable sensors for cardiac monitoring and the efficacy of these devices for arrhythmia detection.

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Systematic Review on Human Skin-Compatible Wearable Photoplethysmography Sensors

Cited by 38 publications

References 83 publications

The Promise of Sleep: A Multi-Sensor Approach for Accurate Sleep Stage Detection Using the Oura Ring

The Promise of Sleep: A Multi-Sensor Approach for Accurate Sleep Stage Detection Using the Oura Ring

A Review on Solution-Processed Organic Phototransistors and Their Recent Developments

Recent Advances in Materials and Flexible Sensors for Arrhythmia Detection

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