Systematic Review on Parkinson’s Disease Medications, Emphasizing on Three Recently Approved Drugs to Control Parkinson’s Symptoms

Senthilnathan, Palanisamy; Leey, Tan Choo; Xiang, Tan Chi; Ling, Tan Chi; Han, Sean Ang Wey; Semilan, Samantha Lia Anak; Hong, P

doi:10.3390/ijerph19010364

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Furthermore, its short half-life leads to undesirable pharmacokinetic properties such as fluctuating plasma levels and clinical response, which is why it is frequently used in combination with other pharmacological agents . Other approved treatments for PD include dopamine agonists, anticholinergics, and monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors; however, all are accompanied by severe side effects . Nonpharmaceutical treatment options for PD are also available and include the medical procedure deep brain stimulation; although it shows promising results, its is highly invasive, and not all individuals with PD are eligible for it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophytomedicines as Therapeutic Agents for Parkinson’s Disease

Burns,

Buck,

D’ Souza

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Phytochemicals are promising therapeutics for various neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). However, their efficacy, pharmacokinetic properties, and penetration across the blood−brain barrier can be improved using delivery systems such as nanoparticles. We reviewed recently published work in which nanoparticles were used to deliver phytochemicals toward PD treatment. The studies show that nanoparticles not only improve the pharmacological effect of the phytochemicals but also enable targeting to the brain and crossing of the blood−brain barrier. Various ligands were added to the nanoparticles to improve blood−brain barrier transportation. The promising findings from the published studies reveal that more research into nanophytomedicine approaches as therapeutic targets for PD is warranted, especially since they have the potential to protect against key features of PD, including α-synuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dopaminergic neuronal death. Furthermore, future directions should involve smart designs to tailor nanoparticles for improved therapeutic delivery by modifying their features, such as architecture, surface and material properties, targeting ligands, and responsiveness.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophytomedicines as Therapeutic Agents for Parkinson’s Disease

Burns,

Buck,

D’ Souza

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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“…The conventional drugs for PD approved by the FDA are levodopa (L-DOPA), dopamine agonists, anticholinergics, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors, monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors, and amantadine. These drugs only treat symptoms mainly by stimulating or inhibiting dopamine metabolism [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Use of Honey as a Neuroprotective Agent for the Management of Neurodegenerative Diseases

2023

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As the global population ages, there is an increasing research on managing neurodegenerative diseases that mainly affect the elderly. Honey is one of the natural products and functional foods widely studied for its neuroprotective properties. This review investigates honey’s effectiveness as a neuroprotective agent through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research. The articles were browsed from three databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) between the years of 2012 and 2022 using the keywords “honey” crossed with “neurodegenerative”. Out of the 16 articles, six in vitro, eight in vivo, one combination study, and one clinical intervention were compiled. Among the various types of honey studied, the Tualang and Thyme honey exhibited the highest antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticholinesterase activity, leading to the prevention and management of multiple neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. The neuroprotective properties of honey are primarily attributed to its high polyphenol content, with quercetin and gallic acid being the most prominent. This review compiled considerable evidence of the anti-neurodegenerative properties of honey presented by in vitro and in vivo studies. However, more clinical intervention studies are required to support these findings further.

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“…With the progression of PD, patients begin to experience wearing-off symptoms, i.e., fluctuations in tremor and mobility as well as appearance of involuntary movements (dyskinesia), due to variation in LD plasma concentrations [4]. Patients with advanced LD-treated disease may experience rapid motor symptom exacerbations, i.e., ON-OFF phenomena [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and patient acceptability of a commercially available wearable and a smart phone application in identification of motor states in parkinson’s disease

Liikkanen

Sinkkonen²,

Suorsa³

et al. 2023

PLOS Digit Health

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In the quantification of symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), healthcare professional assessments, patient reported outcomes (PRO), and medical device grade wearables are currently used. Recently, also commercially available smartphones and wearable devices have been actively researched in the detection of PD symptoms. The continuous, longitudinal, and automated detection of motor and especially non-motor symptoms with these devices is still a challenge that requires more research. The data collected from everyday life can be noisy and frequently contains artefacts, and novel detection methods and algorithms are therefore needed. 42 PD patients and 23 control subjects were monitored with Garmin Vivosmart 4 wearable device and asked to fill a symptom and medication diary with a mobile application, at home, for about four weeks. Subsequent analyses are based on continuous accelerometer data from the device. Accelerometer data from the Levodopa Response Study (MJFFd) were reanalyzed, with symptoms quantified with linear spectral models trained on expert evaluations present in the data. Variational autoencoders (VAE) were trained on both our study accelerometer data and on MJFFd to detect movement states (e.g., walking, standing). A total of 7590 self-reported symptoms were recorded during the study. 88.9% (32/36) of PD patients, 80.0% (4/5) of DBS PD patients and 95.5% (21/22) of control subjects reported that using the wearable device was very easy or easy. Recording a symptom at the time of the event was assessed as very easy or easy by 70.1% (29/41) of subjects with PD. Aggregated spectrograms of the collected accelerometer data show relative attenuation of low (<5Hz) frequencies in patients. Similar spectral patterns also separate symptom periods from immediately adjacent non-symptomatic periods. Discriminative power of linear models to separate symptoms from adjacent periods is weak, but aggregates show partial separability of patients vs. controls. The analysis reveals differential symptom detectability across movement tasks, motivating the third part of the study. VAEs trained on either dataset produced embedding from which movement states in MJFFd could be predicted. A VAE model was able to detect the movement states. Thus, a pre-detection of these states with a VAE from accelerometer data with good S/N ratio, and subsequent quantification of PD symptoms is a feasible strategy. The usability of the data collection method is important to enable the collection of self-reported symptom data by PD patients. Finally, the usability of the data collection method is important to enable the collection of self-reported symptom data by PD patients.

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Systematic Review on Parkinson’s Disease Medications, Emphasizing on Three Recently Approved Drugs to Control Parkinson’s Symptoms

Cited by 39 publications

References 97 publications

Nanophytomedicines as Therapeutic Agents for Parkinson’s Disease

Nanophytomedicines as Therapeutic Agents for Parkinson’s Disease

The Potential Use of Honey as a Neuroprotective Agent for the Management of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Feasibility and patient acceptability of a commercially available wearable and a smart phone application in identification of motor states in parkinson’s disease

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