Systematic review: the epidemiology of the hepatobiliary manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

SUMMARY BackgroundExtraintestinal manifestations are frequent in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Most studies published so far focused on viral hepatitis and liver toxicity of IBD-related drugs.

Mechanisms of enterohepatic fibroblast growth factor 15/19 signaling in health and disease

“…Of note, these changes in FGF19 also correlated with increased serum C4 (a marker of hepatic BA synthesis), suggesting that low FGF19 might be a relevant driving force for the emergence of BA overproduction and BA malabsorption (BAM), a feature frequently found in CD [88,89]. From a more general point of view, it is also tempting to speculate that alterations of the enterohepatic FGF19 signaling axis could contribute to the pathophysiology of some other liverspecific complications (e.g., gallstone formation, primary sclerosing cholangitis or NAFLD) that are frequently associated with IBD [90][91][92]. Recent studies also started to elucidate the potential role of the BA-FXR-FGF19 axis for other enterohepatic co-morbidities (i.e., short bowel syndrome/intestinal-failure associated liver disease), suggesting that the impact of FGF19 on liver health might be very broad even beyond IBD [93,94].…”

Prevalence and prognostic value of hepatic histological alterations in patients with Crohn’s disease

“…A recent systematic review [12] has reported that, in CD patients, the prevalence of cholelithiasis ranged from 11% to 34%, that of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) from 1.2% to 3.4%, that of fatty liver disease was 23%, and hepatic amyloidosis occurred in <1%. Moreover, portal vein thrombosis occurred in 39% to 45% of subjects undergoing proctocolectomy.…”

Editorial: the role of colonic inflammation in the progression of liver disease in primary sclerosing cholangitis—Authors’ reply and Letter: the effects of colectomy prior to the diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis on prognosis may have been overestimated

“…It is, however, well established that IBD in PSC patients often have a mild colitis but instead run an elevated risk of colorectal cancer. 4,5 In the editorial by Dr Sabino and Dr Torres, 1 they highlight the study's major strength-its size. 1 This is a nationwide study with long follow-up based on national registers.…”