Systematic study of incomplete-fusion dynamics below 8 MeV/nucleon energy

Kumar, Harish; Tali, Suhail A.; Ansari, M. Afzal; Singh, Devendra P.; Ali, Rahbar; Ali, Asif; Parashari, Siddharth; Giri, Pankaj K.; Linda, Sneha B.; Kumar, R.; Singh, R. P.; Muralithar, S.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.99.034610

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…At energies near and above the Coulomb barrier, complete fusion (CF) is expected to be the dominant reaction mode. However, in the past few decades a number of studies had confirmed that incomplete fusion (ICF) also contributes at such energies [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Britt and Quinton et al [7] first studied ICF reactions in the early sixties, where they experimentally observed fast α-particles in the reaction of 12 C, 14 N and 16 O projectiles with 209 Bi and 197 Au target.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these studies were carried out at beam energies greater than 10 MeV/nucleon. In recent decades, a measurable ICF probability fraction (F ICF (%)) in the energy range 4-7 MeV/nucleon has also been observed which makes it significantly interesting to study dynamics of these reactions [1][2][3][4][11][12][13][14][15]. In the CF reactions, the projectile completely fuses with the target nucleus and forms a compound nucleus (CN).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of incomplete fusion reaction dynamics for the system ¹⁴N + ¹⁶⁹Tm using the forward Recoil Range distribution technique

Kumar¹,

Giri²,

Kumar³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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Studies in the past have demonstrated that complete fusion and incomplete fusion dynamics are both significant just above the Coulomb barrier, yet the dynamics of incomplete fusion are elusive since they are so complex below 10 MeV/nucleon. In order to investigate low-energy incomplete fusion dynamics, we measured the forward recoil range distribution of evaporation residues populated in the system 14N + 169Tm at energy ≈ 5.9 MeV/nucleon. A stack target-catcher activation technique followed by offline-γ- spectroscopy was used to estimate the forward recoil range distribution of the evaporation residues. In order to investigate a new parameter for describing incomplete fusion dynamics, the incomplete fusion fraction (FICF (%)) for the present system was estimated from the range-integrated cross-sections and compared with other systems in the literature. The forward recoil range distribution and range integrated cross-sections of seven evaporation residues have been estimated experimentally. These cross-section results agree well with the experimental results obtained from the excitation functions. On re-investigation of entrance channel systematics for Qα value of projectile, mass-asymmetry (µMA), and Coulomb factor (ZP ZT ), it has been found that the Qα-value systematic for 14N is not valid at all projectile energies. The forward recoil range distribution measurement is one of the direct methods available to probe the complete and incomplete fusion contributions in evaporation residues at low projectile energy. It has also been observed that the dynamics of ICF are not only dependent on the parameters of one entrance channel but on multiple entrance channels. We have also introduced the entrance channel parameter Zeta (ζ) for the first time in Incomplete Fusion reactions to see the combined effect of mass-asymmetry (µMA) and ZP ZT, as this parameter is better suited than µMA and ZP ZT individually and has a linear dependency on FICF (%).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of incomplete fusion reaction dynamics for the system ¹⁴N + ¹⁶⁹Tm using the forward Recoil Range distribution technique

Kumar¹,

Giri²,

Kumar³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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Probing reaction mechanisms through residual cross section measurement for ⁷Li+Zn system

Singh¹,

Maiti²,

Nag³

et al. 2023

Phys. Scr.

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Though the picture remains incoherent to draw a concrete conclusion, especially with weakly bound particles, prolific efforts have been devoted to unfolding the reaction mechanisms at energies below 10 MeV/u. The dearth of extensive data and ambiguous findings in the light to medium mass region galvanizes the exploration of the entire mass domain. In the course of discerning the underlying reaction mechanisms in $^{7}$Li fusion with natural Zn, the excitation function (EF) analysis has been reported within the energy range of 21--43 MeV. Residual cross sections have been measured employing the stacked foil activation technique followed by $\gamma$-spectroscopy. Subsequently, the measured EFs have been compared with theoretical predictions from statistical model codes \textsc{PACE4} and \textsc{EMPIRE3.2.2}. EF analysis affirms the dominance of the complete fusion (CF) mechanism as revealed through the gross satisfaction of measured data from the $n$-emitting channels by both the model codes. The observed enhancement in subsequent channels relative to theory has been implicitly interpreted as the role of other mechanisms like breakup fusion and/or direct cluster transfer in populating residues owing to the low breakup threshold of weakly bound $^{7}$Li. A critical piece of experimental evidence concerning the discrepancy in the branching intensity of 93.31 keV $\gamma$-peak from the decay of $^{67}$Ga residue reported in various nuclear databases has been witnessed. Thus, the revised estimated intensity value has been reported, along with a discussion on the optimized production of Ga isotopes for medicinal applications.

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Effect of neutron excess in the entrance channel on the O18+Nb93 system: An experimental study relevant to incomplete-fusion dynamics

et al. 2021

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Systematic study of incomplete-fusion dynamics below 8 MeV/nucleon energy

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

Study of incomplete fusion reaction dynamics for the system ¹⁴N + ¹⁶⁹Tm using the forward Recoil Range distribution technique

Study of incomplete fusion reaction dynamics for the system ¹⁴N + ¹⁶⁹Tm using the forward Recoil Range distribution technique

Probing reaction mechanisms through residual cross section measurement for ⁷Li+Zn system

Effect of neutron excess in the entrance channel on the O18+Nb93 system: An experimental study relevant to incomplete-fusion dynamics

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Systematic study of incomplete-fusion dynamics below 8 MeV/nucleon energy

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

Study of incomplete fusion reaction dynamics for the system 14N + 169Tm using the forward Recoil Range distribution technique

Study of incomplete fusion reaction dynamics for the system 14N + 169Tm using the forward Recoil Range distribution technique

Probing reaction mechanisms through residual cross section measurement for 7Li+Zn system

Effect of neutron excess in the entrance channel on the O18+Nb93 system: An experimental study relevant to incomplete-fusion dynamics

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Study of incomplete fusion reaction dynamics for the system ¹⁴N + ¹⁶⁹Tm using the forward Recoil Range distribution technique

Study of incomplete fusion reaction dynamics for the system ¹⁴N + ¹⁶⁹Tm using the forward Recoil Range distribution technique

Probing reaction mechanisms through residual cross section measurement for ⁷Li+Zn system