Systematic Study of Various Functionalization Steps for Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 with Direct Laser-Functionalized Au-LIG Electrochemical Sensors

Brustoloni, Caroline Ji-Mei; Soltan Khamsi, Pouya; Kammarchedu, Vinay; Ebrahimi, Aida

doi:10.1021/acsami.4c09571

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

2024

DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c09571

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Systematic Study of Various Functionalization Steps for Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 with Direct Laser-Functionalized Au-LIG Electrochemical Sensors

Caroline Ji-Mei Brustoloni,

Pouya Soltan Khamsi,

Vinay Kammarchedu

et al.

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Multi-Electrode Extended Gate Field Effect Transistors Based on Laser-Induced Graphene for the Detection of Vitamin C and SARS-CoV-2

Asgharian,

Kammarchedu,

Soltan Khamsi

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Despite the clinical data showing the importance of ascorbic acid (AA or vitamin C) in managing viral respiratory infections, biosensors for their simultaneous detection are lacking. To address this need, we developed a portable and wireless device for simultaneous detection of AA and SARS-CoV-2 virus by integrating commercial transistors with printed laser-induced graphene (LIG) as the extended gate. We studied the effect of laser printing pass number and showed that with two laser printing passes (2-pass LIG), the sensor sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) for AA improved by a factor of 1.6 and 12.8, respectively. Using complementary characterization methods, we attribute the improved response to a balanced interplay of crystallinity, defect density, surface area, surface roughness, pore density and diameter, and mechanical integrity/stability. These factors enhance analyte transport, reduce noise/variability, and ensure consistent sensor performance, making 2-pass LIG the most effective material in this work. Our sensors exhibit promising performance for detecting AA with a selective response in the presence of common salivary interfering molecules, with sensitivity and LOD of 73.67 mV/dec and 54.04 nM in 1× phosphate buffered saline and 81.05 mV/dec and 78.34 nM in artificial saliva, respectively. We also showed that functionalization of the 2-pass LIG gate with S-protein antibody enables the detection of SARS-CoV-2 protein antigens with an ultralow LOD of 52 zg/mL�an improvement of more than 10-fold compared to 1-pass LIG�and 4 particles/mL for virion mimics with a selective response against influenza virus and multiple human coronavirus strains. With low signal drift/hysteresis and wireless capabilities, the developed device holds great potential for improving at-home monitoring and clinical decision-making.

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Multi-Electrode Extended Gate Field Effect Transistors Based on Laser-Induced Graphene for the Detection of Vitamin C and SARS-CoV-2

Asgharian,

Kammarchedu,

Soltan Khamsi

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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show abstract

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Systematic Study of Various Functionalization Steps for Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 with Direct Laser-Functionalized Au-LIG Electrochemical Sensors

Cited by 1 publication

References 58 publications

Multi-Electrode Extended Gate Field Effect Transistors Based on Laser-Induced Graphene for the Detection of Vitamin C and SARS-CoV-2

Multi-Electrode Extended Gate Field Effect Transistors Based on Laser-Induced Graphene for the Detection of Vitamin C and SARS-CoV-2

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