Systematics and phylogeny of the hoplonemertean genus Diplomma (Nemertea) based on molecular and morphological evidence

Kajihara, Hiroshi; Olympia, Minerva Sd.; Kobayashi, Norio; Katoh, Takahiko; Chen, Hạixia; Strand, Malin; Sundberg, Per

doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00650.x

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The sampling, collecting sites, and DNA extraction/sequencing procedures are described elsewhere, in various contributions (e.g. [ 7 , 27 ]). Briefly, COI sequences were downloaded for all nemertean taxa present on GenBank ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/ ) and the newly generated sequences were added to this pool.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Utility of Single-Locus DNA Barcoding for the Identification of Ribbon Worms (Phylum Nemertea)

2016

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Whereas many nemerteans (ribbon worms; phylum Nemertea) can be identified from external characters if observed alive, many are still problematic. When it comes to preserved specimens (as in e.g. marine inventories), there is a particular need for specimen identifier alternatives. Here, we evaluate the utility of COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) as a single-locus barcoding gene. We sequenced, data mined, and compared gene fragments of COI for 915 individuals representing 161 unique taxonomic labels for 71 genera, and subjected different constellations of these to both distance-based and character-based DNA barcoding approaches, as well as species delimitation analyses. We searched for the presence or absence of a barcoding gap at different taxonomic levels (phylum, subclass, family and genus) in an attempt to understand at what level a putative barcoding gap presents itself. This was performed both using the taxonomic labels as species predictors and using objectively inferred species boundaries recovered from our species delimitation analyses. Our data suggest that COI works as a species identifier for most groups within the phylum, but also that COI data are obscured by misidentifications in sequence databases. Further, our results suggest that the number of predicted species within the dataset is (in some cases substantially) higher than the number of unique taxonomic labels—this highlights the presence of several cryptic lineages within well-established taxa and underscores the urgency of an updated taxonomic backbone for the phylum.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Utility of Single-Locus DNA Barcoding for the Identification of Ribbon Worms (Phylum Nemertea)

2016

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“…All the specimens were collected alive by one of the authors (MT) in private freshwater aquaria used for guppy breeding, with the water temperature set at 25°C. Histological preparation, DNA extraction, and PCR amplification and COI sequencing were done by HK, following the methods of Kajihara et al (2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Molecular Barcode of the Freshwater Heteronemertean <i>Apatronemertes albimaculosa</i> (Nemertea: Pilidiophora) from Japan

2016

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The freshwater heteronemertean Apatronemertes albimaculosa Wilfert and Gibson, 1974 has previously been reported from Germany, Austria, and the USA. All these records were from aquarium tanks with commercially distributed tropical and/or subtropical water plants; by hiding among their roots, the worms are thought to have been introduced from an unidentified place of origin. We report the occurrence of A. albimaculosa for the first time from Japan, based on specimens found in private home aquaria for guppy breeding, with a total of 18 species of water plants grown for different periods and lengths of time but not all at the same time. Histological examination confirmed the presence of diagnostic features of this species, including a complex precerebral vascular system and hermaphroditism. The partial sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (607 bp) of the Japanese material is identical with that of a heteronemertean specimen from a freshwater tank in Madrid, Spain, which had been deposited in the public databases but left unidentified as to its species, genus, or family. Apatronemertes albimaculosa appears unlikely to be able to survive below 10°C for more than about a week, which suggests that its native locality is in the tropics or subtropics, not the temperate zone. The barcoding sequence herein determined will serve in future studies to help locate the natural place of origin.

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“…The anterior halves of the worms were fixed in Bouin’s solution for histological preparation; the posterior halves were preserved in 99% ethanol for DNA extraction. Histological preparation follows that of Kajihara et al (2011a, b). The type slides are deposited in the Hokkaido University Museum, Sapporo, Japan (ZIHU).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) largely follow those of Kajihara et al (2011a, b). Sequences from the holotype, the egg strand laid by the holotype, and the allotype were exactly the same ( p = 0.0), with respect to both 28S rRNA (1141 bp) and COI (658 bp).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovicides paralithodis (Nemertea, Carcinonemertidae), a new species of symbiotic egg predator of the red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus (Tilesius, 1815) (Decapoda, Anomura)

Kajihara

Kuris²

2013

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Ovicides paralithodis sp. n. is described from the egg mass of the red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus (Tilesius, 1815) from the Sea of Okhotsk, off Hokkaido, Japan, and Alaska, USA. Among four congeners, Ovicides paralithodis can be distinguished from Ovicides julieae Shields, 2001 and Ovicides davidi Shields and Segonzac, 2007 by having no eyes; from Ovicides jonesi Shields and Segonzac, 2007 by the presence of basophilic, vacuolated glandular lobes in the precerebral region; and from Ovicides jasoni Shields and Segonzac, 2007 by the arrangement of the acidophilic submuscular glands, which are not arranged in a row. Ovicides paralithodis represents the third described species of egg-predatory nemertean from Paralithodes camtschaticus, the second described carcinonemertid species from Japan, and the 21st described species in the family. The intensity of infestations may exceed 24,000 worms per a single egg-bearing pleopod of Paralithodes camtschaticus. A preliminary molecular phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of 28S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes among selected monostiliferous hoplonemertean species supported the monophyly of Carcinonemertidae, suggesting that within the lineage of the family, evolution of the unique vas deferens, Takakura’s duct, preceded loss of accessory stylets and accessory-stylet pouches.

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Systematics and phylogeny of the hoplonemertean genus Diplomma (Nemertea) based on molecular and morphological evidence

Cited by 18 publications

References 57 publications

Evaluating the Utility of Single-Locus DNA Barcoding for the Identification of Ribbon Worms (Phylum Nemertea)

Evaluating the Utility of Single-Locus DNA Barcoding for the Identification of Ribbon Worms (Phylum Nemertea)

Occurrence and Molecular Barcode of the Freshwater Heteronemertean <i>Apatronemertes albimaculosa</i> (Nemertea: Pilidiophora) from Japan

Ovicides paralithodis (Nemertea, Carcinonemertidae), a new species of symbiotic egg predator of the red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus (Tilesius, 1815) (Decapoda, Anomura)

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