Systemic Administration of Calea pinnatifida Inhibits Inflammation Induced by Carrageenan in a Murine Model of Pulmonary Neutrophilia

Abstract

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the crude extract (CE), derived fraction, and isolated compounds from Calea pinnatifida leaves in a mouse model of pulmonary neutrophilia. Methods. The CE and derived fractions, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, were obtained from C. pinnatifida leaves. The compounds 3,5- and 4,5-di-O-E-caffeoylquinic acids were isolated from the EtOAc fraction using chromatography and were identified using infrared spectroscopic data and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR). Leukocytes count, protein concentration of the exudate, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and adenosine deaminase (ADA), and nitrate/nitrite (NOx), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) levels were determined in the pleural fluid leakage after 4 h of pleurisy induction. We also analyzed the effects of isolated compounds on the phosphorylation of both p65 and p38 in the lung tissue. Results. The CE, its fractions, and isolated compounds inhibited leukocyte activation, protein concentration of the exudate, and MPO, ADA, NOx, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-17A levels. 3,5- and 4,5-di-O-E-caffeoylquinic acids also inhibited phosphorylation of both p65 and p38 (P<0.05). Conclusion. This study demonstrated that C. pinnatifida presents important anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting activated leukocytes and protein concentration of the exudate. These effects were related to the inhibition of proinflammatory mediators. The dicaffeoylquinic acids may be partially responsible for these anti-inflammatory properties through the inhibition of nuclear transcription factor kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.

In Vitro Free Radical Scavenging Properties and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ilex paraguariensis (Maté) and the Ability of Its Major Chemical Markers to Inhibit the Production of Proinflammatory Mediators

“…In view of previous reports that describe the potential anti-inflammatory properties of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives [44], we also investigated the effects of chemical markers on NOx secretion. The results reinforce the potential of chlorogenic acid and its structural analogues (NCA; CCA) as anti-inflammatory agents.…”

Advances in the Study of Marine Products with Lipid-Lowering Properties

“…Some authors demonstrated that the low molecular weight carrageenan significantly reduces blood serum levels of TC, TG and LDL-C and improves the concentration of HDL-C in HFD fed mice, with a much stronger activity than that of high molecular weight carrageenan [50]. Furthermore, a considerable number of studies have shown that carrageenan causes inflammation [51][52][53], which should be fully considered in further studies, as this puts forward some limitations on the risk-free application of carrageenan. Although with certain side effects, further in-depth research on molecular mechanisms will help the development and utilization of Carrageenan.…”