Systemic and Forearm Triglyceride Metabolism

Miles, John M.; Park, Yongsoon S.; Walewicz, Dorota; Russell-Lopez, Crystal; Windsor, Sheryl L.; Isley, William L.; Harris, William S.

doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.3.521

Cited by 113 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Ci/min) and [1-14 C]oleate (ϳ0.3 Ci/min) were started 90 and 60 min, respectively, before blood sampling; the isotope infusions were continued until blood sampling had been completed as previously described (4). After transfer to the catheterization laboratory, a sheath was placed in the right femoral artery, and a catheter was advanced to the coronary sinus via either the right femoral vein or the right internal jugular vein.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood samples were collected in chilled 10-ml EDTA tubes containing paraoxon (5) and kept on ice until centrifugation at 4°C. Plasma triglyceride concentrations were determined on a Cobas Mira Plus centrifugal analyzer (4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contribution of the heart to whole-body triglyceride disappearance was calculated by dividing myocardial uptake of labeled triglyceride by the infusion rate of 3 H triolein. Systemic and myocardial FFA and triglyceride kinetics, as well as LPLgenerated fatty acid spillover (i.e., escape of fatty acids into the venous effluent from the tissue), were calculated as previously described in a study of forearm metabolism (4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spillover phenomenon has previously been demonstrated in the forearm (4,15) and in adipose tissue (15). Myocardial uptake of an exogenously labeled triglyceride tracer has not previously been investigated in humans.…”

Section: Ffa and Triglyceride Uptake By The Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No data on myocardial uptake of meal fat is available in humans, but the amount of triglyceride fatty acids traversing the circulation in subjects consuming high-fat diets is similar to the amount of FFA released in a 24-h period, ϳ100 g/day in a 70-kg individual (4).…”

Section: Ffa and Triglyceride Uptake By The Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myocardial Uptake of Circulating Triglycerides in Nondiabetic Patients With Heart Disease

et al. 2007

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Animal studies indicate that oversupply of fatty acids derived from the action of cardiac lipoprotein lipase (LPL) on plasma lipoproteins may contribute to myocardial dysfunction. However, the contribution of circulating triglycerides to myocardial fatty acid supply in humans is not known. Six postabsorptive nondiabetic subjects who were scheduled for diagnostic coronary angiography were studied. 14 C oleate and a lipid emulsion labeled with 3 H triolein were infused to assess myocardial uptake of free fatty acids (FFAs) and triglycerides, as well as myocardial spillover of LPL-generated fatty acids. Six paired blood samples were taken from the femoral artery and the coronary sinus. Coronary sinus concentrations of unlabeled triglycerides were slightly, but not significantly, lower than arterial (P ‫؍‬ 0.12), whereas labeled triglyceride concentrations were significantly lower in the coronary sinus than in the artery (P < 0.05; extraction fraction Х11%). Triglycerides and FFAs accounted for ϳ17% and ϳ83%, respectively, of myocardial fatty acid uptake. Systemic and myocardial fractional spillover of LPL-generated fatty acids was 49.0 ؎ 7% and 34.7 ؎ 13%, respectively. The myocardium was a minor contributor to systemic triglyceride uptake (ϳ3%) and a trivial contributor to systemic FFA production (ϳ0.5%). These results indicate that circulating triglycerides may be a significant source of fatty acids for myocardial respiration. Diabetes 56:527-530, 2007 I t has been suggested that free fatty acids (FFAs) are the primary energy source for the myocardium (1). However, the heart contains a considerable amount of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) (2), and studies in animals have found significant triglyceride uptake by the myocardium. It has been suggested recently that circulating triglycerides are actually the primary lipid fuel for this tissue (3). Very little information on the role of triglycerides in human myocardial metabolism is available, however. The present study was therefore undertaken to determine whether significant uptake of triglycerides occurs in the heart and also to determine the relative role of triglycerides and FFAs in the provision of lipid fuel to that tissue. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSInformed written consent was obtained from six Caucasian subjects (three male, three female; average age 65 years, weight 91.3 kg, BMI 30.9 kg/m 2 ) scheduled for diagnostic coronary angiography. Individuals with diabetes, significant hypertriglyceridemia (Ͼ2.26 mmol/l), congestive heart failure, unstable angina, recent stroke, previous myocardial infarction or angioplasty, left ventricular ejection fraction Ͻ45%, or significant endocrine, hepatic, or renal disorders were excluded. Five of the six subjects proved to have coronary artery disease; four of these underwent percutaneous stent placement. One subject had valve replacement surgery for aortic stenosis.Subjects were studied according to a protocol approved by the Mayo Institutional Review Board. On the morning of the study (after an overnight fast and after ob...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ffa and Triglyceride Uptake By The Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ffa and Triglyceride Uptake By The Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myocardial Uptake of Circulating Triglycerides in Nondiabetic Patients With Heart Disease

et al. 2007

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Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and proanthocyanidins improve postprandial metabolic flexibility in rat

et al. 2013

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Postprandial lipemia influences the development of atherosclerosis, which itself constitutes a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. The introduction of bioactive compounds may prevent these deleterious effects. Proanthocyanidins are potent antioxidants that have hypolipidemic properties, while omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 PUFAs) stimulate fatty acid oxidation and gene expression programs, controlling mitochondrial functions. In this study, we investigated the effects of acute treatment of ω3 PUFAs and proanthocyanidins on the metabolic flexibility and lipid handling profiles in the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of rats that were raised on diets, high in saturated fatty acids. For this, oil rich in docosahexaenoic (DHA-OR), grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE), or both substances (GSPE + DHA-OR) were administered with an overload of lard oil to healthy Wistar rats. Our results indicate that the addition of DHA-OR to lard oil increases insulin sensitivity and redirects fatty acids toward skeletal muscle, thereby activating fatty acid oxidation. We also observed an improvement in adipose mitochondrial functionality and uncoupling. In contrast, GSPE lowers lipidemia, prevents muscle reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and damage, furthermore, activates mitochondrial biogenesis and lipogenesis in adipose tissue. The addition of GSPE+DHA-OR to lard resulted in nearly all the effects of DHA-OR and GSPE administered individually, but the combined administration resulted in a more attenuated profile.

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Detection of recurrence in childhood solid tumors

Howell¹,

Mensah²,

Brennan³

et al. 2005

Cancer

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Tasmanian devil lymphoid tissues (thymus, spleen, and lymph node) from seven animals, including pouch young, juvenile, and adult devils, were investigated using histological and immunohistochemical techniques. Antibodies against the conserved intracytoplasmic portion of CD3 and CD79b (T‐ and B‐cell markers, respectively) and MHC II were used to label immune cells. The thymus from the juvenile devils and the pouch young had CD3+ cells that were primarily located in the medulla of the organ. The spleen consisted of red and white pulp areas with characteristic lymphoid follicles with CD79b+ and MHC II+ cells and nonfollicular T‐cell‐dominated periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths. Peripheral lymph nodes presented three distinct regions, outer cortex and medulla (both with primarily CD79b+ and MHC II+ cells) and paracortex (mainly CD3+ cells). Tissue architecture and distribution of the immune cells were similar to that seen in eutherian mammals and other marsupials, indicating that the Tasmanian devil has all the structural elements necessary for effective adaptive immunity. Anat Rec, 292:611–620, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Systemic and Forearm Triglyceride Metabolism

Cited by 113 publications

References 41 publications

Myocardial Uptake of Circulating Triglycerides in Nondiabetic Patients With Heart Disease

Myocardial Uptake of Circulating Triglycerides in Nondiabetic Patients With Heart Disease

Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and proanthocyanidins improve postprandial metabolic flexibility in rat

Detection of recurrence in childhood solid tumors

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