Systemic Antibiotics for Prophylaxis in Urologic Surgery: A Critical Review

Chodak, Gerald W.; Plaut, Martin E.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)56959-1

Cited by 131 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Other studies have looked at the risk of sepsis or systemic infections after routine rigid cystoscopy; this was considered to be minimal and, therefore, routine prophylactic antibiotic administration to prevent sepsis was not recommended [1]. Richards and Bastable [14]addressed the issue of bacteriuria following rigid outpatient cystoscopy and conclude that the infection rate was higher in women (9.3 vs. 2.6% in men, averaging 4.5% for the group studied) but no recommendations regarding chemoprophylaxis were made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diagnostic and check flexible cystoscopies are routinely performed under local anaesthesia; significant infectious complications are rare in patients with preoperatively sterile urine on the basis of mid stream specimen urinalysis [1, 2], and therefore routine prophylactic antibiotic administration to prevent sepsis is not recommended [1, 2, 3, 4]. Reported infection rates vary; some reports have placed the incidence at less than 5% [1, 4, 5, 6, 7]if the urine is sterile preoperatively, whereas others have reported rates as high as 35% [8, 9]after single urethral instrumentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reported infection rates vary; some reports have placed the incidence at less than 5% [1, 4, 5, 6, 7]if the urine is sterile preoperatively, whereas others have reported rates as high as 35% [8, 9]after single urethral instrumentation. Debate, therefore, continues as to whether in fact prophylactic antibiotics are necessary or not.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Issue of Prophylactic Antibiotics prior to Flexible Cystoscopy

Rane¹,

Cahill

Saleemi

et al. 2001

European Urology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Issue of Prophylactic Antibiotics prior to Flexible Cystoscopy

Rane¹,

Cahill

Saleemi

et al. 2001

European Urology

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“…This allows suf®cient time for the antibiotics to achieve peak serum levels during surgery. 15 Antimicrobial sensitivities and broad spectrum must be considered in choosing prophylactic antibiotics. Almost all authors prefer a combination therapy of a glycopeptide antibiotic or cephalosporin for gram-positive and aminoglycoside for gram-negative microorganisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of intraoperative antibiotic irrigation and postoperative antibiotic therapy for contaminated implantable prosthesis: in a rat model in vivo

et al. 2000

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The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of intraoperative antibiotic irrigation solution and long-term effective antibiotic therapy for the infected prostheses.Forty-®ve male Wistar albino rats were divided into three equal groups and a small piece of silicone prosthesis contaminated with Staphylococcus epidermidis was implanted into the scrotum. In the ®rst group, the silicone pieces were irrigated with an antibiotic solution intraoperatively and antibiotic therapy was applied for 20 days postoperatively. The second group underwent only antibiotic therapy. In the third group (control) neither intraoperative irrigation nor postoperative antibiotic therapy was applied. Postoperative clinical infection was determined as follow-up. All implants were extracted 20 days after the implantation and cultured to observe the bacterial growth.In the ®rst group, in 13 rats the cultures were negative and in two rats, the cultures revealed positive bacterial growth. In the second group, in four rats the cultures were negative, in ®ve rats the cultures were positive and six rats revealed infectious ®ndings. In the third group, 13 rats revealed infectious ®ndings, and in the remaining two rats the cultures were positive. The differences between three groups are statistically signi®cant (P`0.05).We conclude that intraoperative antibiotic irrigation and postoperative antibiotic therapy are highly bene®cial in the infected prosthesis surgery.

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“…In addition, the Joint Commission's Surgical Care Improvement Project has issued a list of procedure-specific prophylactic antibiotics. Studies have shown that compliance with these guidelines varies across institutions and procedures and regimens not in compliance have involved both undertreated and over treated cohorts [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Two or More Antibiotics Regimen Versus One or No Antibiotic Regimen in Post-Operative Surgery

Mihirkumar¹,

Ashley²,

Nawaz³

et al. 2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Surgical site infections [SSI] are the leading cause of hospital-acquired infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether surgical site infections can be reduced with twoormoreantibioticsregimenversusoneornoantibioticregimeninpost-operativesurgery. Methods:The patients were grouped into 2 groups. Group A (two or more antibiotics regimen) and Group B (one or no antibiotic regimen). Then the patients were followed on 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week respectively after surgery to check for any surgical site infection by direct interviewing the patients. Results:The overall surgical site infection rate was 48.3% (58 out of 120 patients).However, this study was more dominated by female patientsthere were 63% female patients compared to 37% male patients enrolled in this study. Also, the post-operative surgical site infection was comparatively observed more in female patients than in male. General surgery department too had many gynaecology related patients followed by Orthopaedic and Endocrinology surgeries. Results revealed that the patients in Group A (Two or more antibiotics) had significantly lower number of surgical site infections when compared with Group B (One or no antibiotics) with p<0.001. Conclusion:Our study concludes that patients receiving two or more antibiotics had significantly less number of post-operative surgical site infections when compared to patients receiving one or no antibiotics and following two or more antibiotics can reduce the excess hospital cost.

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Systemic Antibiotics for Prophylaxis in Urologic Surgery: A Critical Review

Cited by 131 publications

References 0 publications

The Issue of Prophylactic Antibiotics prior to Flexible Cystoscopy

The Issue of Prophylactic Antibiotics prior to Flexible Cystoscopy

The role of intraoperative antibiotic irrigation and postoperative antibiotic therapy for contaminated implantable prosthesis: in a rat model in vivo

Assessment of Two or More Antibiotics Regimen Versus One or No Antibiotic Regimen in Post-Operative Surgery

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