Systemic Antihypertensive Medication and Incident Open-angle Glaucoma

Müskens, Rogier P.H.M.; Voogd, Simone de; Wolfs, Roger C. W.; Witteman, Jacqueline C. M.; Hofman, Albert; Jong, Paulus T. V. M. de; Stricker, Bruno H. Ch.; Jansonius, Nomdo M.

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.03.047

Cited by 101 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown an association between antihypertensive medication and glaucoma (but the evidence is still scarce). [19][20][21]35 However, no previous study has investigated the causal effect of antihypertensive medication on glaucoma.Although the overall risk of treatment with antiglaucomatous drugs is increased in patients taking antihypertensive medication, we show that commenced treatment with antihypertensive drugs postpones the onset of glaucoma, or treatment with an antiglaucomatous drugs, and leads to a reduction in the trend of glaucoma by around 43%.We cannot know if the estimates could be affected by an increased avoidance of glaucomatous diagnostics after the onset of antihypertensive treatment. Furthermore, the present analysis assumes that there is no algorithm in the medical care system that leads to patients who start antihypertensive medication being more or less likely to be examined for glaucoma.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,[17][18][19] Recognized high BP is treated with many different antihypertensive medications, and growing evidence acknowledges that such treatment is associated with glaucoma. [20][21][22] In this matter, antihypertensive medication may conflict with ocular perfusion and autoregulation. 20,23 Although studies have shown a correlation between antihypertensive treatment and glaucoma, these studies have mostly been trials in small numbers of patients with minimal follow-up periods.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[20][21][22] In this matter, antihypertensive medication may conflict with ocular perfusion and autoregulation. 20,23 Although studies have shown a correlation between antihypertensive treatment and glaucoma, these studies have mostly been trials in small numbers of patients with minimal follow-up periods. 1,14,24 Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, no previous study has benefited from a complete data sample from an entire population norimportantly-estimated the causal effect of antihypertensive treatment on the risk of developing glaucoma.…”

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Antihypertensive Medication Postpones the Onset of Glaucoma

et al. 2017

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G laucoma is the second most common irreversible cause of blindness worldwide.1 It is becoming increasingly important in the context of an aging world population.1,2 It possesses a considerable challenge to public health because blindness and visual impairment is costly and have a huge impact on life quality. 3 Raised intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the only successful treatable factor to reduce the progression of glaucoma. Yet, glaucoma is multifactorial, and the understanding of the pathology is incomplete. More than 2 decades ago, the first study to suggest that blood pressure (BP) should be considered in glaucoma treatment was published. 4 Since then, the impact of BP on glaucoma has received greater attention as more evidence has mounted. [5][6][7] Despite the increasing evidence of an association between BP and glaucoma, the exact relationship is complex. In this matter, epidemiological and case-control studies have shown diverse results, and some studies have presented evidence of a correlation between high BP and glaucoma, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] whereas other studies have linked glaucoma and low-tension glaucoma with low BP.12-17 The controversies have been discussed and related to the complexity of BP not only influencing IOP and ocular perfusion pressure, but also increasing the risk of compromised peripheral vascular capacity and a dysfunctional autoregulation. 5,[17][18][19] Recognized high BP is treated with many different antihypertensive medications, and growing evidence acknowledges that such treatment is associated with glaucoma. [20][21][22] In this matter, antihypertensive medication may conflict with ocular perfusion and autoregulation. 20,23 Although studies have shown a correlation between antihypertensive treatment and glaucoma, these studies have mostly been trials in small numbers of patients with minimal follow-up periods. 1,14,24 Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, no previous study has benefited from a complete data sample from an entire population norimportantly-estimated the causal effect of antihypertensive treatment on the risk of developing glaucoma.The main outcome in our study is the treatment for glaucoma. We hypothesized, before embarking on the empirical analysis, that treatment with antihypertensive medication could have an ambiguous effect on the development Abstract-The aim was to investigate the impact of antihypertensive medication on the onset of glaucoma. Data from the complete Danish population between 40 and 95 years of age were used in the period from 1996 to 2012, covering >2.6 million individuals. The National Danish Registry of Medicinal Products Statistics was used to identify all claimed prescriptions for glaucoma medication and antihypertensive drugs. We first investigated basic correlations in the data and found that patients treated with antihypertensive medication, at any time during the study period, had a significantly higher overall relative risk (RR) of glaucoma, even when controlling for age and sex (with a RR of 1.31 and P<0.0001). Furthermor...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Antihypertensive Medication Postpones the Onset of Glaucoma

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“…For example, although systemic calcium channel blockers may enhance ocular blood flow, 59 there was an increased incidence of glaucoma in patients receiving these medications in the Rotterdam Eye Study. 86 Despite the recognition of circadian IOP and OPP as important factors in OAG, future research will need to address a number of issues. Because glaucoma represents a heterogeneous group of related optic neuropathies, there may be subgroups of patients in whom vascular factors are important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

24-hour Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Glaucoma

Quaranta

Katsanos

Russo

et al. 2013

Survey of Ophthalmology

140

147

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Abstract. This review analyzes the currently available literature on circadian rhythms of intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure, and calculated ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) in patients with openangle glaucoma. Although adequately powered, prospective trials are not available. The existing evidence suggests that high 24-hour IOP and OPP fluctuations can have detrimental effects in eyes with glaucoma. The currently emerging continuous IOP monitoring technologies may soon offer important contributions to the study of IOP rhythms. Once telemetric technologies become validated and widely available for clinical use, they may provide an important tool towards a better understanding of longand short-term IOP fluctuations during a patient's daily routine. Important issues that need to be investigated further include the identification of appropriate surrogate measures of IOP and OPP fluctuation for patients unable to undergo 24-hour measurements, the determination of formulae that best describe the relationship between systemic blood pressure and IOP with OPP, and the exact clinical relevance of IOP and OPP fluctuation in individual patients. Despite the unanswered questions, a significant body of literature suggests that OPP assessment may be clinically relevant in a significant number of glaucoma patients. (Surv Ophthalmol 58:26--41, 2013. Ó 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) Key words. glaucoma circadian rhythm intraocular pressure blood pressure ocular perfusion pressure I. Physiological ConsiderationsThe principal physiological entities that affect intraocular pressure (IOP) and its characteristics are the aqueous humor (AH) dynamics in healthy and glaucomatous eyes.The production of AH involves two consecutive processes. First, a portion of the plasma that reaches the vascular plexus of the ciliary processes is filtered through the fenestrated capillaries into the interstitial space between the vessels and the ciliary epithelia. Next, a portion of the filtrate is actively secreted by the ciliary epithelial cells into the posterior chamber.In humans, these processes are affected by age, circadian rhythm, topical and systemic medications, and the presence of glaucoma. 63,64,70,109,121 The rate of AH formation decreases with age: by 15--35% between age 20 and 80 years. 15,30 The rate of AH production in humans is significantly lower at night, 99,119 attributed to decreased endogenous circulating catecholamine levels, which may partly explain the decreased nocturnal efficacy of topical 26

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Association of Systemic Medication Use With Intraocular Pressure in a Multiethnic Asian Population

Shi

Chua

et al. 2017

JAMA Ophthalmol

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IMPORTANCE There is limited understanding of the associations between systemic medication use and intraocular pressure (IOP) in the general population. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between systemic medication use and IOP in a multiethnic Asian population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this post hoc analysis of the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases study, a population-based study of 10 033 participants (78.7% response rate) from 3 racial/ethnic groups (Chinese [recruited from

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Systemic Antihypertensive Medication and Incident Open-angle Glaucoma

Cited by 101 publications

References 41 publications

Antihypertensive Medication Postpones the Onset of Glaucoma

Antihypertensive Medication Postpones the Onset of Glaucoma

24-hour Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Glaucoma

Association of Systemic Medication Use With Intraocular Pressure in a Multiethnic Asian Population

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