Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and Covid-19: A Retrospective Study in Nineteen Municipalities in Mato Grosso

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and characteristics of COVID-19 cases in patients with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the southeastern region of Mato Grosso, between March 2020 and March 2022. Method: Epidemiological and analytical study with secondary data from 19 municipalities in the southeastern region of Mato Grosso from 2020 to 2022. The data are in the public domain from the State's COVID-19 indicator panel. The population included all registered cases of COVID-19 in Mato Grosso, as well as in the municipalities of the southeastern region with SAH and DM as comorbidities. Blank/ignored cases were excluded. The descriptive analysis of the data used frequencies and relative frequencies, with the aid of the R software. Research approved by the Research Ethics Committee (Opinion: 4,418,798). Results: Of the 727,952 cases reported in Mato Grosso, 14.40% occurred in the southeast region, with 14.07% having comorbidities. Among these, 54.11% were hypertensive and 28.18% were diabetic. The profile of hypertensive and diabetic cases, respectively, was predominantly female (55.45% and 54.44%), 51 to 60 years old (25.57% and 27.14%), brown (55.79% and 55.61%), had no cardiovascular problems (77.54% and 72.84%), had no neoplasia (83.38% and 83.28%), were not obese (79.97% and 79.70%), had no lung problems (81.55% and 80.85%), recovered cases (88.74% and 86.96%), were not hospitalized (99.94% and 100%) and had laboratory-confirmed cases (95.95% and 95.69%). Research Implications, Originality/Value: This study highlights the importance of understanding the characteristics of patients with comorbidities and COVID-19 to improve prevention, diagnosis and treatment strategies for the disease.