Systemic artery to pulmonary vessel fistula

Thoracic Actinomycosis

“…35 Rare development of acquired infectious systemic to pulmonary circulation fistulas have been reported in actinomycosis. 24 Affected arterial vessels include the intercostal, 36,37 internal mammary, 15 and bronchial arteries. 38 Solitary infection of the bronchial mucosa without pulmonary parenchymal involvement has been observed with actinomycosis.…”