Systemic control of plant regeneration and wound repair

Abstract

Summary Plants have a broad capacity to regenerate damaged organs. The study of wounding in multiple developmental systems has uncovered many of the molecular properties underlying plants' competence for regeneration at the local cellular level. However, in nature, wounding is rarely localized to one place, and plants need to coordinate regeneration responses at multiple tissues with environmental conditions and their physiological state. Here, we review the evidence for systemic signals that regulate regeneration on a plant‐wide level. We focus on the role of auxin and sugars as short‑ and long‐range signals in natural wounding contexts and discuss the varied origin of these signals in different regeneration scenarios. Together, this evidence calls for a broader, system‐wide view of plant regeneration competence.

Histone modification‐dependent production of peptide hormones facilitates acquisition of pluripotency during leaf‐to‐callus transition in Arabidopsis

“…Sugars that are used as primary energy sources and signaling molecules may participate in tissue regeneration (Omary et al ., 2022). In support of this, medium with high sugar contents are usually required for plant regeneration (Mendoza & Kaeppler, 2002), and high carbohydrate contents also likely promote enzymatic activities related to de novo shoot organogenesis in rice (Chen et al ., 2010).…”

“…Hormone signaling is also important for in vitro plant regeneration. In addition to auxin and cytokinin, the main triggers of cell fate transition during tissue culture (Hill & Schaller, 2013; Ckurshumova & Berleth, 2015; Ikeuchi et al ., 2019), several phytohormones, such as jasmonate (Zhang et al ., 2019), salicylic acids (Hernãndez‐Coronado et al ., 2022) and strigolactones (Agusti et al ., 2011), are also possibly involved in plant regeneration (Omary et al ., 2022). Peptide hormones that systemically coordinate developmental and physiological processes in response to internal and external cues (Matsubayashi & Sakagami, 2006) also play important roles in cell fate transition during in vitro tissue culture, through a potential linkage to conventional hormone signaling.…”

A blast from the past: Understanding stem cell specification in plant roots using laser ablation

“…The recovery typically occurs within hours after reactivation of the stem cell transcriptional programs and accelerates the cell cycle’s progression to assume the new cell fate according to the new position (Efroni et al, 2016 ; Marhava et al, 2019 ). This recovery process upon different types of wounding and the involved signalling pathways where auxin is a major player have been characterised in more detail in the last decades (Canher et al, 2020 ; Efroni et al, 2016 ; Heyman et al, 2013 ; Hoermayer et al, 2020 ; Liang et al, 2022 , 2023 ; Marhava et al, 2019 ; Matosevich et al, 2020 ; Omary et al, 2023 ; Xu et al, 2006 ; Zhou et al, 2019 ).…”

Adventitious Root Regeneration: Molecular Basis and Influencing Factors

“…Such as the translocation of calcium signals and the burst of reactive oxygen species [41]. The damage signal will be rapidly responded to by translocation of electrical and chemical signals to relevant signalling receptors [8], which can promote high expression of the key transcription factor APETALA2/ET response factor (AP2/ERF) to induce healing tissue formation [62,77]. In addition, WOUND-INDUCED DEDIFFERENTIATION1 (WIND1) directly upregulates the expression of the enhancer of SHOOT REGENERATION1 (ESR1), an Arabidopsis AP2/ERF transcription factor, to promote healing tissue formation and specific transformation [78].…”

“…Plants have a strong ability to perceive external stimuli. In response to biological stress (such as invasion of pathogenic bacteria) or abiotic stress (such as high temperature, light or flood), plants can activate the expression regulation of ARFs (AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs), ERFs (ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR) and other related regulations so as to regenerate adventitious roots (ARs) to repair damaged organs [6][7][8]. Most plants can regenerate ARs indirectly from extraneous tissues and organs, or directly from various airborne organs [9].…”