Systemic Cyclosporin in the Treatment of Psoriasis

Colombo, Delia; Pietro, Antonino Di

doi:10.5772/27484

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Most of the cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐4, interferon‐gamma, and TNF‐alpha, involved in the inflammatory process are regulated by NF‐AT, a transcription factor. Specifically, cyclosporine's immunosuppressive actions are believed to be because of IL‐2 inhibition which is necessary for T cell activation or proliferation (Colombo & Pietro, 2012; Forsythe & Paterson, 2014; Russell et al, 1992).…”

Section: Challenges In the Microbial Production Of Immunosuppressantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress and challenges in the biofoundry of immunosuppressants: From process to practice

Ganjoo

Sharma

Shafeeq

et al. 2022

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Microorganisms are known to produce pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites that are used as drug moieties in the treatment of various disorders.Discovery of one such class of drugs called immunosuppressants led the way for new and improved treatment regimens for the cases of organ rejections as well as for autoimmune diseases. Uncovering the role of these secondary metabolites as immunomodulators had increased their demand in the global drug market. However, this was soon overshadowed by the low amount of product obtained after fermentation and tedious downstream processing for the recovery of product. Hence, continuous efforts are being made to enhance their production by unveiling the basic biosynthetic pathways involved in their synthesis. From unearthing these immunosuppressants to their rapid development towards commercialization, these drugs have gained a significant place in the world market. Hence, the present review is focused on the progress and challenges in the production and downstream processing of different immunosuppressants (tacrolimus, cyclosporine, rapamycin, and mycophenolic acid). This is the first review report on how the market demand of immunosuppressants could be fulfilled by exploring biofoundry approaches to achieve the goal.

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Section: Challenges In the Microbial Production Of Immunosuppressantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process stops the production of cytokines such as interleukin (IL) -2, IL-4, interferon-gamma and TNF-alpha. P, phosphate (Modified and adapted from Colombo & Pietro, 2012).…”

Section: Biofoundry Of Cyclosporinementioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and challenges in the biofoundry of immunosuppressants: From process to practice

Ganjoo

Sharma

Shafeeq

et al. 2022

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Ionic Liquid-Mediated Transdermal Delivery of Organogel Containing Cyclosporine A for the Effective Treatment of Psoriasis

Datta,

Bandi,

Venuganti

2024

ACS Omega

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The dermal delivery of peptide therapeutics that are of high molecular weight is a challenge. Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a cyclic undecapeptide with poor aqueous solubility and high molecular weight (1202 Da) indicated for psoriasis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of ionic liquids mixed with the Pluronic F127 matrix in skin permeation of CsA and its efficacy in psoriasis treatment. Choline and geranic acid (CAGE) ionic liquids in a 1:2 molar ratio were mixed with Pluronic F127 (22.7%) and PEG 400 (45%) to prepare an organogel formulation. The CsA-loaded CAGE (CsA-CAGE) and CAGE-Pluronic F127 gels (CsA-CAGE-P gel) were characterized for physical and rheological characteristics. The skin transport studies showed that free CsA did not permeate across the excised porcine skin after 48 h. The amount of CsA permeated across the oleic acid (0.25% v/v) and palmitic acid (0.25% w/v) cotreated skin was found to be 244 ± 4 and 1236 ± 17 μg/cm 2 , respectively. The application of CsA-CAGE and CsA-CAGE-P gel enhanced CsA flux by 110-and 135-fold, respectively, compared with the control. The thermal analysis and biophysical studies changed the barrier property of the skin significantly (p < 0.05) after incubation with CAGE and CAGE-P gel. The pharmacokinetic studies in the rat model showed that topical application of CsA-CAGE-P gel provided 2.6-and 1.9-fold greater C max and AUC 0−t , respectively, compared to the control group. In vitro−in vivo level A correlations were established with R 2 values of 0.991 and 0.992 for both linear and polynomial equations for the CsA-CAGE-P gel formulation using the Wagner−Nelson method. The topical application of CsA-CAGE-P gel (10 mg/kg) on an imiquimodinduced plaque psoriatic model reduced the area of the psoriasis and severity index (PASI) score significantly for erythema and scaling, reversing the changes to skin thickness, blood flow rate, and transepidermal water loss. Together, CAGE-Pluronic F127 organogel was developed as an effective topical formulation for the local and systemic delivery of CsA for the treatment of psoriasis.

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Patient Care and Treatment Strategies for Skin Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: Role of Traditional and Western Medicines

Sharma

Sundram

Malviya

et al. 2023

IDDT

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The perspective of the people of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) toward both traditional and western healthcare systems varies. The goal of the current study was to examine the SSA's unique skin disease health care system. This study comprises numerous research that sought to examine how the general public felt about the SSA's current healthcare system. In this review, common skin conditions such atopic dermatitis, buruli ulcers, dermatophytosis, and scabies were addressed. According to this report, government agencies must pay particular attention to skin illnesses in SSA and raise public awareness. Availability of medical care, socioeconomic factors, degree of education, and other factors influence patient attitudes toward traditional and western health care differently in different geographic areas. Facts suggested that self-medication is the preference of the majority of patients before seeking dermatological care. The present study concludes that the magnitude of skin diseases is neglected or underestimated in many regions of SSA, also western health care facilities of many SSA are not up to the mark. The present study recommends that proper access to the health care system and awareness about skin diseases through various government programs can be helpful in the regulation of skin disorders among people of SSA.

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Systemic Cyclosporin in the Treatment of Psoriasis

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Progress and challenges in the biofoundry of immunosuppressants: From process to practice

Progress and challenges in the biofoundry of immunosuppressants: From process to practice

Ionic Liquid-Mediated Transdermal Delivery of Organogel Containing Cyclosporine A for the Effective Treatment of Psoriasis

Patient Care and Treatment Strategies for Skin Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: Role of Traditional and Western Medicines

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