Systemic effectors of alveolar bone mass and implications in dental therapy

Cooper, Lyndon F.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0757.2000.2230110.x

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In contrast to the concept of early mobilization in orthopedic treatment of fractures in osteoporotic patients, aimed at improving bone formation by mechanical stimulation, there is actually no precedent for advocating immediate or "provisional" loading of dental implants to enhance osteogenesis in osteoporotic bone (Cooper, 2000). If accelerated peri-implant bone loss with no clinical signs of peri-implant disease occurs during the maintenance phase, the patient should be examined for occlusal overload and referred to a medical specialist, e.g., an endocrinologist, for re-evaluation of the osteoporotic/osteopenic therapy regimen.…”

Section: (D) Special Considerations For Implant Therapy In Patients Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients should undergo an endocrinologic, orthopedic, or obstetric examination and be treated, if necessary. Physiological doses of vitamin D (from 400 to 800 IU/day) and calcium (1500 mg/day) are recommended during the post-operative period (Cooper, 2000). In all cases, a balanced pre-operative and post-operative diet should be recommended.…”

Section: (D) Special Considerations For Implant Therapy In Patients Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior to implant surgery, a careful assessment of nutrition and systemic health in patients at risk for metabolic bone disease is recommended (Cooper, 2000). Patients should undergo an endocrinologic, orthopedic, or obstetric examination and be treated, if necessary.…”

Section: (D) Special Considerations For Implant Therapy In Patients Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implants in the Medically Compromised Patient

Beikler

Flemmig

2003

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

111

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Dental clinicians are confronted with an increasing number of medically compromised patients who require implant surgery for their oral rehabilitation. However, there are few guidelines on dental implant therapy in this patient category, so that numerous issues regarding pre-and post-operative management remain unclear to the dental clinician. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to offer a critical evaluation of the literature and to provide the clinician with scientifically based data for implant therapy in the medically compromised patient. This review presents the current knowledge regarding the influence of the most common systemic and local diseases on the outcome of dental implant therapy, e.g., abnormalities in bone metabolism, diabetes mellitus, xerostomia, and ectodermal dysplasias. Specific pathophysiologic aspects of the above-mentioned diseases as well as their potential implications for implant success are critically appraised. In line with these implications, guidelines for pre-and post-operative management that may assist in the successful implant-supported rehabilitation of this patient category are proposed.

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Section: (D) Special Considerations For Implant Therapy In Patients Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (D) Special Considerations For Implant Therapy In Patients Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implants in the Medically Compromised Patient

Beikler

Flemmig

2003

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

111

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“…Wakley and Baylink (25) have reported that trabecular bone loss exceeds cortical loss, which may be relevant given the considered importance of primary implant fixation, whilst it has been noted that osteoporotic bone fractures heal normally (26). Cooper (27) in a review has observed that whilst implants may perform satisfactorily when placed in relatively dense bone in osteoporotic patients, this may not be the case in less dense bone. Failure rates are reportedly higher in this group of patients (28, 29) after sinus lifts and post‐menopausally unless the patient is using Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental endosseous implants in the medically compromised patient¹

Scully

Hobkirk

Dios

2007

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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The literature contains numerous observations on the significance of systemic disorders as contraindications to dental endosseous implant treatment, but the justification for these statements is often apparently allegorical. Although implants are increasingly used in healthy patients, their appropriateness in medically compromised patients is less equivocal. Perhaps surprisingly, the evidence of their efficacy in these groups of patients is quite sparse. Indeed, there are few if any randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in this field. Furthermore, any health risks from the placement of implants are unclear. We review the current evidence for the risks associated with endosseous implants in a range of systemic disorders. There is clearly a need for prospective systematic trials. The degree of disease-control may be far more important that the nature of the disorder itself, and individualized assessment, including the medical condition, quality of life and life expectancy is indicated. The benefits of implants to many of these patients may outweigh any risks. However, proper informed consent is mandatory.

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“…At present there is no basis for advocating immediate loading of dental implants to enhance osteogenesis in osteoporotic bone [65].…”

Section: Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%