Systemic immune‐inflammation index in patients with generalized stage III grade C periodontitis

Abstract

ObjectivesSystemic immune‐inflammation index (SII) is a novel, inflammatory biomarker whose role in predicting several chronic systemic diseases has been recently identified. However, its association with generalized stage III grade C periodontitis in young adults remains unknown.Material and MethodsThe study is a multicentered, double‐blind, hospital‐based case–control clinical study. Periodontal examination comprised of recording plaque index, sites with bleeding on probing, pocket depth and clinical attachment loss for patients with generalized stage III grade C periodontitis and periodontally healthy group. Complete blood counts were obtained and used for calculating SII, neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet‐lymphocyte ratio. Collected data were then subjected to statistical analyses.ResultsSII was significantly higher in patients with generalized stage III grade C periodontitis compared to periodontally healthy individuals (723.87 vs. 537.74 × 109/L, p < 0.0001). SII is associated with severe periodontitis in young adults (odds ratio [OR]:11.86, 95% CI 9.61–20.76, p < 0.0001) after adjusting for factors found significant in univariate analysis. Receiver operative curve analysis demonstrated a fair predictive validity of SII in detecting generalized stage III grade C periodontitis in young adults (AUC: 0.766, 95%CI 0.731–0.799, p < 0.0001, sensitivity 81.27%, specificity 76.50% and diagnostic accuracy 78.89%). SII did not exhibit superior predictive validity when compared with NLR in the context of generalized stage III grade C periodontitis (AUC for SII: 0.766, 95%CI 0.731–0.799, AUC for NLR: 0.788, 95% CI 0.754–0.819; p = 0.28).ConclusionSII is associated with generalized stage III grade C periodontitis in young adults.

J‐shaped association between systemic immune‐inflammation index and periodontitis: Results from NHANES 2009–2014

“…The SII is associated with a variety of diseases, including colorectal cancer, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension, 21–23 all of which are also correlated with periodontitis. Furthermore, a previous study has shown that the SII increases the risk of severe periodontitis 8 . Consistent with these findings, we also observed an association between SII and poor periodontal health in individuals with log 2 (SII) > 8.66.…”

“…Furthermore, a previous study has shown that the SII increases the risk of severe periodontitis. 8 Consistent with these findings, we also observed an association between SII and poor periodontal health in individuals with log 2 (SII) > 8.66. However, our study is the first to report a J-shaped relationship between SII and periodontitis, suggesting that the SII tends to decrease the risk of periodontitis in individuals with log 2 (SII) ≤ 8.66.…”

“…7 A case-control study found that the SII was associated with an increased risk of severe periodontitis (odds radio [OR] = 11.86; 95% CI: 9.61-20.76). 8 Furthermore, the SII has been found to be associated with several systemic diseases that are linked to periodontitis, such as rheumatoid arthritis, 9 hypertension, 10 and coronary artery disease. 11 In the case of rheumatoid arthritis, a nonlinear relationship with the SII has been observed.…”

“…This index, developed by Hu et al., integrates the analysis of lymphocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts 7 . A case–control study found that the SII was associated with an increased risk of severe periodontitis (odds radio [OR] = 11.86; 95% CI: 9.61–20.76) 8 . Furthermore, the SII has been found to be associated with several systemic diseases that are linked to periodontitis, such as rheumatoid arthritis, 9 hypertension, 10 and coronary artery disease 11 .…”

Letter to the Editor: Radiotherapy Increases aMMP-8 Levels and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio Rapidly in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study

“…And second, the potential association between the pre-RT blood neutrophil, NLR, and aMMP-8 levels and the presence/absence of periodontitis could have yielded different rates of periodontitis if the authors had attempted to determine an optimal cutoff for the differences between the 2 measurements through the utilization of receiver operating curve analysis. 4 This approach could have segregated patients into 2 groups with significantly distinctive periodontitis rates. However, this may be prohibited by the small sample size.…”