Systemic Infection of Maize, Sorghum, Rice, and Beet Seedlings with Fumonisin-Producing and Nonproducing Fusarium verticillioides Strains

Dastjerdi, Raana; Karlovský, Petr

doi:10.5423/ppj.oa.05.2015.0088

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In this paper, we present seven species of fungi – four of them novel – extracted from a pair of bat carcasses in a limestone cave in Yunnan, China. Of these seven species, Fusarium incarnatum is known as a plant pathogen [ 56 ], and Neocosmospora pallidimors belongs to a group known to have highly prevalent and aggressive human and animal fungal pathogens [ 15 ], while Mucor hiemalis was reported to cause zygomycosis, an opportunistic fungal infection with a high mortality rate infecting across a wide range of substrates, from bread to human skin tissue [ 48 , 57 ]. This density of new species found in an isolated and relatively confined system underscores the exciting potential of subterranea as reservoirs of biological diversity and as a frontier of scientific exploration [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of novel fungal species and pathogens on bat carcasses in a cave in Yunnan Province, China

Karunarathna

Dong

Karasaki

et al. 2020

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Virulent infectious fungal diseases, in natural and managed landscapes, are increasing. Fungal diseases in humans, animals and plants have caused die-off and extinction events and have become a threat to food security. A caving expedition in Yunnan Province, China, revealed two bat carcasses covered in fungal mycelia. Eleven fungal isolates were obtained from these bat carcasses, and morphological observations and multigene phylogenetic analyses revealed they were Fusarium incarnatum, Mucor hiemalis and Trichoderma harzianum and four new species, Mortierella rhinolophicola, M. multispora, M. yunnanensis and Neocosmospora pallidimors. One of the more alarming findings is that a number of infections related to Neocosmospora, previously associated with human and animal mycotoxicoses, are reported to be increasing, and here we present a new species from this genus, isolated from dead bats. Due to the ecosystem services provided by bats, and the close relationship between bats and humans, future research should focus on the impacts and significance of N. pallidimors to human and animal health, examining its pathogenicity and secondary metabolites. Taxonomic descriptions, color images of the habitat, in situ samples, microstructures and cultures are presented. SEM photographs of microstructures and phylogenetic trees showing the placement of new and known species are also provided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of novel fungal species and pathogens on bat carcasses in a cave in Yunnan Province, China

Karunarathna

Dong

Karasaki

et al. 2020

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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“…The fungus grew intercellularly without visual signs of diseases through the whole plant, whereas both intercellular and intracellular hyphae were found in plants with disease symptoms. Plants other than maize can be systemically colonized with F. verticillioides, too (Dastjerdi and Karlovsky 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fumonisin B1 and beauvericin accumulation in wheat kernels after seed-borne infection with Fusarium proliferatum

Pfohl

Karlovský

Dehne

et al. 2016

AFSci

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Fusarium proliferatum is a fungal pathogen causing ear rot of maize. The fungus infects a range of other plants but the economic impact of these diseases has not been established. Recently, F. proliferatum and its mycotoxin fumonisin were found in wheat grains. Here we report that seed-borne infection of wheat with F. proliferatum resulted in systemic colonization of wheat plants and contamination of wheat grains with fumonisins and beauvericin. F. proliferatum strains originating from different hosts were able to infect wheat via seeds. Colonization of wheat plants with the fungus was highest in the stems, followed by leaves; one third of the strains reached kernels, causing accumulation of fumonisins and beauvericin to 15–55 µg kg-1. The results show that seed-borne infection of wheat with F. proliferatum can lead to contamination of wheat kernels with mycotoxins fumonisins and beauvericin.

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“…With respect to its role in the sorghum grain mold disease complex, F. verticillioides infection typically occurs via aerial spores that colonize developing panicles during florescence (Williams and Rao, 1981). There has been debate regarding whether fumonisins act as virulence factors in Fusarium-related plant diseases (Munkvold, 2003;Dastjerdi and Karlovsky, 2015). While the infection of F. verticillioides and bioactivity of FB1 within the host has not been extensively studied in sorghum, the etiology of infection via FB1 and fumonisins as a whole has garnered attention in other crops such as maize.…”

Section: Fumonisin As a Virulence Factor In Host Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sorghum Grain Mold Disease Complex: Pathogens, Host Responses, and the Bioactive Metabolites at Play

2021

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Grain mold is a major concern in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production systems, threatening grain quality, safety, and nutritional value as both human food and livestock feed. The crop’s nutritional value, environmental resilience, and economic promise poise sorghum for increased acreage, especially in light of the growing pressures of climate change on global food systems. In order to fully take advantage of this potential, sorghum improvement efforts and production systems must be proactive in managing the sorghum grain mold disease complex, which not only jeopardizes agricultural productivity and profitability, but is also the culprit of harmful mycotoxins that warrant substantial public health concern. The robust scholarly literature from the 1980s to the early 2000s yielded valuable insights and key comprehensive reviews of the grain mold disease complex. Nevertheless, there remains a substantial gap in understanding the complex multi-organismal dynamics that underpin the plant-pathogen interactions involved – a gap that must be filled in order to deliver improved germplasm that is not only capable of withstanding the pressures of climate change, but also wields robust resistance to disease and mycotoxin accumulation. The present review seeks to provide an updated perspective of the sorghum grain mold disease complex, bolstered by recent advances in the understanding of the genetic and the biochemical interactions among the fungal pathogens, their corresponding mycotoxins, and the sorghum host. Critical components of the sorghum grain mold disease complex are summarized in narrative format to consolidate a collection of important concepts: (1) the current state of sorghum grain mold in research and production systems; (2) overview of the individual pathogens that contribute to the grain mold complex; (3) the mycotoxin-producing potential of these pathogens on sorghum and other substrates; and (4) a systems biology approach to the understanding of host responses.

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Systemic Infection of Maize, Sorghum, Rice, and Beet Seedlings with Fumonisin-Producing and Nonproducing Fusarium verticillioides Strains

Cited by 25 publications

References 49 publications

Discovery of novel fungal species and pathogens on bat carcasses in a cave in Yunnan Province, China

Discovery of novel fungal species and pathogens on bat carcasses in a cave in Yunnan Province, China

Fumonisin B1 and beauvericin accumulation in wheat kernels after seed-borne infection with Fusarium proliferatum

The Sorghum Grain Mold Disease Complex: Pathogens, Host Responses, and the Bioactive Metabolites at Play

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