Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex multisystem autoimmune disorder with a heterogeneous presentation and clinical course. The pathogenesis is multifactorial with evidence of genetic susceptibility, environmental triggers, and aberrancy in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Although significant therapeutic advances have been made in recent decades, there remains a significant increase in mortality, highlighting the need for further understanding of the underlying immune mechanisms.l Constitutional: fever, lymphadenopathy, fatigue, and weight loss l Mucocutaneous: photosensitive rash, vasculitis, mucosal ulcers, malar rash, Raynaud's phenomenon, alopecia, and discoid lesions l

New Possibilities of Pharmacotherapy for Immunoinflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: A Focus on Inhibitors of Interleukin-17

“…Системная красная волчанка СКВ -хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание не-известной этиологии, характеризующееся системным иммуновоспалительным поражением жизненно важных органов и чрезвычайным разнообразием клинических проявлений [99]. Характерной особенностью СКВ слу-жат выраженные нарушения гуморального и клеточного иммунитета, наиболее яркое проявление которых -син-тез аутоантител к широкому спектру ядерных антигенов.…”

Dp2-Induce Autoantigen/Autoantibody Production from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Its Modulation by Cppecp

“…Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial systemic autoimmune disorder which affects multiple organs including the skin, lungs, kidneys, and heart [1]. In some SLE patients, autoantibodies may target specific proteins in the cytosol or nucleus.…”

Fas Pathway of Cell Death and B Cell Dysregulation in SLE

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a generalized autoimmune disease affecting several organ systems, characterized by the presence of a vast array of autoantibodies, characteristically directed to nuclear antigens (ANA) (Arbuckle et al, 2003, Hahn, 1998, Rothman and Isenberg, 2008. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the second most common human autoimmune disease affecting between 400 and 1000 per million people worldwide (Craft, 2011).…”

“…The heterogeneity of clinical manifestations and the disease's unpredictable course (Tan et al, 1982) characterized by flares and remissions are very likely a reflection of heterogeneity at the origin of disease, with a final common pathway leading to loss of tolerance to nuclear antigens. Impaired clearance of immune complexes and apoptotic material and production of autoantibodies have long been recognized as major pathogenic events (Arbuckle et al, 2003;Rothman and Isenberg, 2008). Apoptotic defects underlie some models of autoimmune diseases, and they have been proposed in the pathogenesis of SLE, a prototypic autoimmune disorder.…”