Systemic suppression of mycorrhizal colonization of barley roots already colonized by AM fungi

Vierheilig, Horst; Garrido, José Manuel Garcı́a; Wyss, Urs; Piché, Yves

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(99)00155-8

Cited by 92 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These two flavonoids are widely distributed in plants (Santos et al 1995, Santos & Salatino 2000 and exhibit antifungal and bacteriostatic activities (Serra-Bonvehi et al 1994, Fawe et al 1998). Interestingly, both newly synthesized compounds exhibit an inhibitory effect on nearly all fungal parameters of both AM genera (Gigaspora and Glomus ) tested, pointing towards a possible implication in the autoregulation of mycorrhization (Pinior et al 1999, Vierheilig et al 2000a, Vierheilig et al 2000b, Catford et al 2003, Vierheilig 2004b). This could mean that once the AM symbiosis is well established the observed suppression of further root colonization by AM fungi is at least partially due to newly synthesized compounds exhibiting an inhibitory effect on AM fungi such as acacetin and rhamnetin in white clover.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Flavonoids exclusively present in mycorrhizal roots of white clover exhibit a different effect on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi than flavonoids exclusively present in non-mycorrhizal roots of white clover

Scervino¹,

Ponce²,

Erra-Bassells³

et al. 2005

Journal of Plant Interactions

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The flavonoids 5,6,7,8,9-hydroxy chalcone, 3,7-hydroxy-4?methoxy flavone, 5,6,7,8-hydroxy-4?-methoxy flavone and 3,5,6,7,4?-hydroxy flavone can be detected only in non-mycorrhizal roots of white clover, but not in mycorrhizal roots, whereas the flavonoids acacetin, quercetin and rhamnetin are only present in mycorrhizal roots. We tested the effect of several concentrations of these compounds on spore germination, hyphal growth, hyphal branching, formation of clusters of auxiliary cells and of secondary spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Gigaspora rosea , Gigaspora margarita , Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices . Our results indicate that depending on the flavonoid, the tested compounds are involved at different stages in the regulation of mycorrhization. This hypothesis is strengthened by their differing effect on several AM fungal growth parameters. Furthermore, our study provides more data on the AM fungus genus/species specificity of flavonoids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Flavonoids exclusively present in mycorrhizal roots of white clover exhibit a different effect on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi than flavonoids exclusively present in non-mycorrhizal roots of white clover

Scervino¹,

Ponce²,

Erra-Bassells³

et al. 2005

Journal of Plant Interactions

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“…Photosynthate allocation, which in the potato is affected by temperature, light intensity, N availability, and the plant developmental stage (12,44,45), may also play a role by affecting C availability for the mycobionts. Finally, early colonization by one AM isolate may prevent further colonization by other fungi, a phenomenon known as autoregulation (18,30,54,55).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferential Colonization ofSolanum tuberosumL. Roots by the FungusGlomus intraradicesin Arable Soil of a Potato Farming Area

Cesaro

Tuinen

Copetta

et al. 2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The symbiosis between plant roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has been shown to affect both the diversity and productivity of agricultural communities. In this study, we characterized the AM fungal communities of Solanum tuberosum L. (potato) roots and of the bulk soil in two nearby areas of northern Italy, in order to verify if land use practices had selected any particular AM fungus with specificity to potato plants. The AM fungal large-subunit (LSU) rRNA genes were subjected to nested PCR, cloning, sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses. One hundred eighty-three LSU rRNA sequences were analyzed, and eight monophyletic ribotypes, belonging to Glomus groups A and B, were identified. AM fungal communities differed between bulk soil and potato roots, as one AM fungal ribotype, corresponding to Glomus intraradices, was much more frequent in potato roots than in soils (accounting for more than 90% of sequences from potato samples and less than 10% of sequences from soil samples). A semiquantitative heminested PCR with specific primers was used to confirm and quantify the AM fungal abundance observed by cloning. Overall results concerning the biodiversity of AM fungal communities in roots and in bulk soils from the two studied areas suggested that potato roots were preferentially colonized by one AM fungal species, G. intraradices.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate biotrophs, forming mutualistic relationships with a broad range of host plant species (42). Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associations are generally considered to be nonspecific, as the same AMF species is able to colonize the roots of different host plants, which in turn can be colonized by various AMF species (13, 38, 52). However, results from some studies show that preferential associations between plants and AMF may exist (4,7,13,32,56), and reciprocal interactions between AMF and the plant community, based on reciprocal feedback, have been proposed (2,3,4). In particular, differential responses by plant species to individual isolates and species of AMF (43), leading to variations in the plant community composition and productivity and depending on the diversity and identity of the AMF (23, 51), have been observed previously.Although most plants used in agriculture and horticulture form arbuscular mycorrhizae, agricultural management practices may affect the composition and diversity of AMF communities, as well as spore and mycelium densities, in both temperate and tropical agroecosystems (24). In general, agricultural practices have a negative impact on the AM association (8, 14); AMF abundance is reduced by phosphorus (P) fertilization (14, 33) and by crop cultivation, due mainly to either mechanical disturbance by tillage or a change of host plants in crop rotation systems. Moreover, seasonal variations in the abundance of AMF in agricultural soil have been observed (22).Few data are available concerning potato plants and AMF. The influence of AMF species on the potato response to P nutrition (25, 26) and the effect on tuber yi...

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“…In several studies it has been demonstrated that once plants are mycorrhizal, further root colonization by AMF is reduced compared to colonization of nonmycorrhizal plants [24, [81][82][83][84][85][86]. Looking at these observations it is tempting to speculate that due to altered levels of strigolactones in root exudates of mycorrhizal plants further root colonization by AMF is affected.…”

Section: Strigolactones and Amfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids and Strigolactones in Root Exudates as Signals in Symbiotic and Pathogenic Plant-Fungus Interactions

et al. 2007

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Secondary plant compounds are important signals in several symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions. The present review is limited to two groups of secondary plant compounds, flavonoids and strigolactones, which have been reported in root exudates. Data on flavonoids as signaling compounds are available from several symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, whereas only recently initial data on the role of strigolactones as plant signals in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis have been reported. Data from other plant-microbe interactions and strigolactones are not available yet. In the present article we are focusing on flavonoids in plant-fungal interactions such as the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association and the signaling between different Fusarium species and plants. Moreover the role of strigolactones in the 1291AM association is discussed and new data on the effect of strigolactones on fungi, apart from arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), are provided.

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Systemic suppression of mycorrhizal colonization of barley roots already colonized by AM fungi

Cited by 92 publications

References 26 publications

Flavonoids exclusively present in mycorrhizal roots of white clover exhibit a different effect on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi than flavonoids exclusively present in non-mycorrhizal roots of white clover

Flavonoids exclusively present in mycorrhizal roots of white clover exhibit a different effect on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi than flavonoids exclusively present in non-mycorrhizal roots of white clover

Preferential Colonization ofSolanum tuberosumL. Roots by the FungusGlomus intraradicesin Arable Soil of a Potato Farming Area

Flavonoids and Strigolactones in Root Exudates as Signals in Symbiotic and Pathogenic Plant-Fungus Interactions

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