Systolic Time Intervals, Phonocardiograms and Sound Spectrograms in Patients with Starr-Edwards Aortic Valve Prostheses

Abstract

23 patients with Starr-Edwards aortic valve prostheses (models 1000,1200,1260,2320) were studied repeatedly at various intervals after valve replacement (2 weeks to 90 months). The aortic opening to closing (AO/AC) ratio on phonocardiograms and on sound spectrograms showed a wide range of values. A reduction in left ventricular function as indicated by altered systolic time intervals was associated with a very low phonocardiographic AO/AC ratio and/or decreased peak frequency on sound spectrograms in some patients, but there was no correlation between the AO/AC ratios and the systolic time intervals, the ejection fraction and an index of myocardial contractility (diastolic blood pressure/external isovolumic concentration time) in the group as a whole. Mild aortic paravalvular regurgitation influenced neither the AO/AC ratios nor the peak frequency of the aortic opening sound.

TADeus2: a web server facilitating the clinical diagnosis by pathogenicity assessment of structural variations disarranging 3D chromatin structure

“…The latter mechanism is often caused by changes in the three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structure. The 3D genome architecture controls spatiotemporal gene expression and plays a key role in the development and disease ( 13 ). At the (sub)megabase scale, the 3D chromatin structure is organized into topologically associated domains (TADs), delimited by boundaries enriched in CTCF binding sites ( 14 , 15 ).…”