Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels essential oil and its major constituent α-pinene exhibit anti-Leishmania activity through immunomodulation in vitro

Rodrigues, Klinger Antônio da França; Amorim, Layane Valéria; Dias, Clarice Noleto; Moraes, Denise Fernandes Coutinho; Carneiro, Sabrina Maria Portela; Carvalho, Fernando Aécio de Amorim

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.024

Cited by 148 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…cumini, commonly known as jambolan, is a large evergreen and foliaceous tree whose seeds, bark, fruit and leaves have been used in traditional medicine. It is reported to have antioxidant, antinociceptive, hypoglycemic, anti-Leishmania and antimicrobial properties (Eshwarappa et al 2014;Quintans et al 2014;Rodrigues et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal potential ofSideroxylon obtusifoliumandSyzygium cuminiand their mode of action againstCandida albicans

Pereira

Freires

Castilho

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context The emergence of resistant pathogens and toxicity of antifungals have encouraged an active search for novel candidates to manage Candida biofilms. Objective In this study, the little known species Sideroxylon obtusifolium T.D. Penn (Sapotacea) and Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae), from the Caatinga biome in Brazil were chemically characterized and explored for their antifungal potential against C. albicans. Materials and methods We determined the effects of hydroalcoholic extracts/fractions upon fungal growth (minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations, MIC/MFC), biofilm morphology (scanning electron microscopy) and viability (confocal laser scanning microscopy), proposed their mode of action (sorbitol and ergosterol assays), and finally investigated their effects against macrophage and keratinocyte cells in a cell-based assay. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey-Kramer post-test (a ¼ 0.05). Results The n-butanol (Nb) fraction from S. obtusifolium and S. cumini extract (Sc) showed flavonoids (39.11 6 6.62 mg/g) and saponins (820.35 6 225.38 mg/g), respectively, in their chemical composition and demonstrated antifungal activity, with MICs of 62.5 and 125 lg/mL, respectively. Nb and Sc may complex with ergosterol as there was a 4-16-fold increase in MICs in the presence of exogenous ergosterol, leading to disrupted permeability of cell membrane. Deleterious effects were observed on morphology and viability of treated biofilms from concentrations as low as their MICs and higher. Sc was not toxic to macrophages and keratinocytes at these concentrations (p > 0.05), unlike Nb. Conclusions Nb and Sc demonstrated considerable antifungal activity and should be further investigated as potential alternative candidates to treat Candida biofilms. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal potential ofSideroxylon obtusifoliumandSyzygium cuminiand their mode of action againstCandida albicans

Pereira

Freires

Castilho

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…The study conducted by Peixoto et al (2011) revealed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Miconia langsdorffii Cogn., especially C-28 methyl ester derivative, have remarkable anti-leishmanial effects. The result of one study demonstrated that a-pinene, a p-cymene-derived compound, has a notable anti-leishmanial activity (Rodrigues et al 2015). Likewise, the result of another study showed that the plant Myrtus communis has anti-leishmanial properties in vitro, and it is likely due to its a-pinene contents (Mahmoudvand et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro anti-leishmanial activity of Satureja hortensis and Artemisia dracunculus extracts on Leishmania major promastigotes

et al. 2016

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the important skin diseases with diverse clinical manifestations. With an incidence of 0.7-1.3 million cases annually, this disease is often reported from six countries, including Iran. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antileishmanial effect of the three plant hydroalcoholic extracts including fleawort (Plantago psyllium L.), savory (Satureja hortensis L.) and tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) on Leishmania major promastigotes. The hydroalcoholic extract from each plant was extracted and its anti-leishmanial effect was evaluated in different concentrations (100-1000 lg/ml) and at various hours (24, 48 and 72 h). Savory herb inhibitory concentration 50 % (IC 50 ) at 24, 48 and 72 h was 790.81, 398.11 and 298.42 lg/ml, respectively. In addition, tarragon herb IC 50 at 24, 48 and 72 h was 962.03, 688.36 and 585.51 lg/ml, respectively. Moreover, the fleawort extract was showed the lowest effect, considering that its effect at the concentration of 1000 lg/ml was 48 % after 72 h (P [ 0.05). Furthermore, the statistical analysis showed a significant difference for interaction between concentration and time regarding the tarragon and savory extracts with a P value of lower than 0.05. According to the results, the anti-leishmanial effect of the tarragon and savory extracts may make it possible to use them in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis as a complementary or alternative therapy; however, further studies are necessary and should be evaluated in cell culture and in vivo conditions to confirm it.

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“…Studies in recent decades have demonstrated that terpenes exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting various proinflammatory pathways in ear edema, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, skin inflammation, and osteoarthritis (19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Terpenes With Anti-inflammatory Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terpenes from Forests and Human Health

et al. 2017

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Forest bathing has beneficial effects on human health via showering of forest aerosols as well as physical relaxation. Terpenes that consist of multiple isoprene units are the largest class of organic compounds produced by various plants, and one of the major components of forest aerosols. Traditionally, terpene-containing plant oil has been used to treat various diseases without knowing the exact functions or the mechanisms of action of the individual bioactive compounds. This review categorizes various terpenes easily obtained from forests according to their anti-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic, or neuroprotective activities. Moreover, potential action mechanisms of the individual terpenes and their effects on such processes, which are described in various in vivo and in vitro systems, are discussed. In conclusion, the studies that show the biological effectiveness of terpenes support the benefits of forest bathing and propose a potential use of terpenes as chemotherapeutic agents for treating various human diseases.

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Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels essential oil and its major constituent α-pinene exhibit anti-Leishmania activity through immunomodulation in vitro

Cited by 148 publications

References 59 publications

Antifungal potential ofSideroxylon obtusifoliumandSyzygium cuminiand their mode of action againstCandida albicans

Antifungal potential ofSideroxylon obtusifoliumandSyzygium cuminiand their mode of action againstCandida albicans

In vitro anti-leishmanial activity of Satureja hortensis and Artemisia dracunculus extracts on Leishmania major promastigotes

Terpenes from Forests and Human Health

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