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Whelan, Tony

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-1292-5_22

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…But perhaps the most interesting and exciting advance is the entrance into the photoantiageing arena of LED therapy, based on the 'NASA LED' developed in the late 1990s (19,20).…”

Section: Viewpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UV-irradiation of skin cells is known to induce oxidative stress and to promote protein oxidative damage leading to the formation of carbonyl groups as well as the formation of protein adducts with lipid peroxidation products such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (18)(19)(20)(21). However, the fate of such important protein maintenance systems as the proteasome and the Msrs, upon UV irradiation has only been recently addressed in skin relevant cellular models.…”

Section: Viewpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a pioneering study, we had reported that proteasome function is impaired upon UV irradiation which was interpreted as one of the reasons for the observed increase of oxidatively modified proteins in UV-irradiated normal human keratinocytes (19). Moreover, the proteasome is playing important intracellular roles not only in degrading misfolded, oxidized and damaged proteins but also in removing native proteins for destruction after they are tagged with ubiquitin.…”

Section: Viewpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trelles¹,

Mordon²,

Calderhead³

2008

Experimental Dermatology

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type I collagen in the dermis (16,36). These observations demonstrate the role of retinoids in both preventing and reversing the signs of UV-induced skin ageing.In conclusion, despite the vast array of 'antiageing' products now available topical retinoids and sunscreens remain the most tried and tested treatments with long established safety records and proven efficacy in the treatment and prevention of UV-induced skin ageing.Stephanie Ogden, Christopher EM Griffiths 13 Sendagorta E, Lesiewicz J, Armstrong R B. J Am Acad Dermatol 1992: 27: S15-S18. Viewpoint 3Excessive skin exposure to solar UV brings about detrimental histological changes in the skin, which combine with and accelerate the effects of chronological ageing, and which result in the lax, dull and wrinkled appearance of 'old' skin. UV photochemically generated oxidative stressors such as singlet oxygen damage matrix integrity; elastosis-inducing damage to the underlying connective tissue occurs, with interstitial spaces appearing in the matrix caused by loss of collagen volume and fibre binding; the viscosity and quality of the matrix ground substance glycosaminoglycans is reduced; and an inflammatory infiltrate can be identified (1).The elegant idea of using light to repair the damage caused by overexposure to light was heralded by the indication of first the CO 2 and the Er:YAG lasers in the early 1990s, (2-4) and then a system which combined both wavelengths in the one console (5,6). Although still regarded as the 'gold standard' in the rejuvenation of seriously photoaged skin, laser ablative resurfacing is simply a controlled second degree burn of the dermis and is associated with, at best, unpleasant side effects and a long downtime.A non-ablative approach using lasers and intense pulsed light (IPL) systems delivered a zone of controlled dermal photothermal damage under an intact epidermis to 'kickstart' the wound healing process recognized as essential in successful skin rejuvenation. The very good histological evidence of tightening of the typically elastotic dermis failed to be echoed in a younger-looking epidermis, and patient satisfaction with single modality non-ablative skin rejuvenation was extremely low (7-10). The combination of single modality systems based on wavelength-specific photobiological precepts produced much better visible results (11-13).Fractional photothermolysis was next proposed for skin rejuvenation (14,15), to bridge the gap between ablative and non-ablative technologies by delivering controlled microdamage to both the epidermis and dermis. Some good results have been reported, but patient satisfaction has again been fickle with fractional technology on its own,

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“…But perhaps the most interesting and exciting advance is the entrance into the photoantiageing arena of LED therapy, based on the 'NASA LED' developed in the late 1990s (19,20).…”

Section: Viewpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viewpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viewpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viewpoint 3

Trelles¹,

Mordon²,

Calderhead³

2008

Experimental Dermatology

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“…Analysis of perturbations to Levi-Civita [14] shows that tensor as well as scalar modes are governed by an equation…”

Section: Perturbations To Levi-civitamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Stationary Approximation to the Spacetime of a Compact Object Binary

WHELAN

2002

The Ninth Marcel Grossmann Meeting

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The gravitational-radiation-induced inspiral of a binary system of compact objects is considered. A scheme is described to model the regime in which the gravitational interaction is too strong to use weak-field approximation methods, but the time scale for decay of the orbits is still long compared to the orbital period, by numerically solving for a stationary spacetime which approximates the slowly evolving one. Equilibrium is to be maintained in the radiating system by imposing a balance of incoming and outgoing radiation at large distances. Numerical results from non-linear scalar field theory have shown that such an approach can be effective modelling a slowly evolving solution to a wave equation.

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“…We should be proud of them. The more they hone their skills and talents in another environment, the more they develop a work ethic in a country like Germany or the U.S., the better it can be applied in Ireland when they return (Whelan, 1987).…”

Section: Political Perceptions Of Irish Emigrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ireland: An “Emigrant Nursery” in the World Economy

Laughlìn

1993

International Migration

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"This paper focuses on historical and contemporary aspects of Irish emigration and argues that a world-systems, comparative approach avoids the pitfalls of behaviouralism and national exceptionalism in conventional accounts of Irish emigration. It suggests that causes and consequences vary with social class, ethnic group and regional context, compares 'traditional' with 'new wave' emigration and argues that it is premature to talk of the 'Europeanisation' of Irish emigration." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

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Cited by 9 publications

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Viewpoint 3

Viewpoint 3

A Stationary Approximation to the Spacetime of a Compact Object Binary

Ireland: An “Emigrant Nursery” in the World Economy

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