T cells can be directed to antigen-specific, MHC-independent target cell lysis by grafting with a recombinant receptor with antibody-like specificity. Here, we asked whether T cells from the peripheral blood of a patient with cutaneous T cell lymphoma can be recruited for an immune response against autologous tumor cells. Lymphoma cells with a CD3 − CD4 + CD30 + phenotype and clonal TCR-V7 rearrangement were isolated from a cutaneous lesion. The lymphoma lesion additionally harbored CD3 + CD25 + activated normal T cells despite ongoing tumor progression.
Keywords: cutaneous T cell lymphoma; adoptive immunotherapy; chimeric receptor, CD30T cells can be equipped with pre-defined binding specificity by grafting with a recombinant receptor that harbors an antibody-derived binding domain and an intracellular signalling domain for cellular activation. The chimeric receptor strategy combines the universal properties of antibodies for specific antigen recognition with highly efficient cellular activation upon antigen-specific receptor crosslinking. To test this strategy for use in the cellular immunotherapy of malignant diseases, a number of in vitro and in vivo systems have been applied. Most of these systems have in common that cells of established tumor cell lines were utilized as a model system (Refs 1-3, for review see Ref. 4). On the other hand, it was recently demonstrated that primary, in situ growing tumors and transplanted tumor cell lines differ substantially in their ability to induce a cellular antitumor response and that tumor cell lines may poorly reflect the clinical situation. 5 Particularily, in situ growing autologous tumor cells are partially or completely tolerized by the immune system and an efficient antitumor response is frequently suppressed during tumor progression. Accordingly, in the case of melanoma substantial populations of tumor-specific CD8 + cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) could be detected despite tumor progression. Tumorspecific CTLs, however, were demonstrated to be functionally anergized 6 and, moreover, melanoma-specific