T-cell division and aging

Gershon, Harriet; Merhav, S.; Abraham, Carmella

doi:10.1016/0047-6374(79)90118-0

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Ageing seems to be associated with a decline in the number of responsive T cells. In vitro tests carried out on T cells from older individuals shows that they perform less well than T cells from younger individuals (Foad et al, 1974;Gershon et al, 1979;Murasko et al, 1987;Utsuyama et al, 1992). Since clonal expansion is a critical part of the development of a successful immune response, there have been several attempts to locate the lesions that lead to the failure of T cells to divide in elderly individuals.…”

Section: T Cell Pool and The Aging Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 96%

Age‐related changes in the function of T cells

Aspinall

2003

Microscopy Res & Technique

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At the start of the last century in the United Kingdom, only 24% of the 587,830 deaths registered were of individuals over 65, but by the end of the century these figures had changed markedly. Of the 558,052 deaths in 1997, 84% were in the population over 65. This "right shift" in the survival curve is projected to continue. The UK Government Actuary's Department forecast that by 2020, 11.75 million people (19% of the population) will be over 65 rising to 15.1 million people (25% of the population) by 2040. Older members of society show infections of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, skin, soft tissue or intra-abdominal region, infectious endocarditis, bacterial meningitis, tuberculosis, and herpes zoster, at a higher incidence than among younger adults. Moreover, mortality rates for these diseases are often 2-3 times higher among elderly patients than younger individuals with the same disease. The higher morbidity and mortality from these infections, plus the increased prevalence of specific cancers and certain autoimmune diseases point to an immune system deteriorating with age. At the core of the immune system are the T cells and this review analyses possible causes for the changes in T cell function that may account for the deterioration of the immune system. Any intervention to reverse the decline in the immune system must have a rational basis built on a hypothesis-driven inquiry, and one such intervention process is presented here.

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Section: T Cell Pool and The Aging Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 96%

Age‐related changes in the function of T cells

Aspinall

2003

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…Morphologically this is indicated by the involution of the thymus and by a decreasing number of germinal centers in the lymph nodes (838). Functionally it may be observed, for example, by a diminished proneness for delayed hypersensitivity reactions and a decreasing tendency to reject transplantates (839). Cytologically, the aging is characterized, according to many reports, by a reduction of the number of circulating T-lymphocytes and of their ability to be activated by various mitogenic substances (838)(839)(840)(841)(842).…”

Section: A13+ No Investigations Of Their Al3+ Content Is Knownmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism and possible health effects of aluminum.

Ganrot¹

1986

Environ Health Perspect

203

150

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Literature regarding the biochemistry of aluminum and eight similar ions is reviewed. Close and hitherto unknown similarities were found. A hypothetical model is presented for the metabolism, based on documented direct observations of Al3+ and analogies from other ions. Main characteristics are low intestinal absorption, rapid urinary excretion, and slow tissue uptake, mostly in skeleton and reticuloendothelial cells. Intracellular Al3+ is probably first confined in the lysosomes but then slowly accumulates in the cell nucleus and chromatin. Large, long-lived cells, e.g., neurons, may be the most liable to this accumulation. In heterochromatin, Al3+ levels can be found comparable to those used in leather tannage. It is proposed that an accumulation may take place at a subcellular level without any significant increase in the corresponding tissue concentration. The possible effects of this accumulation are discussed. As Al3+ is neurotoxic, the brain metabolism is most interesting. The normal and the lethally toxic brain levels of Al3+ are well documented and differ only by a factor of 3-10. The normal brain uptake of Al3+ is estimated from data on intestinal uptake of Al3+ and brain uptake of radionuclides of similar ions administered intravenously. The uptake is very slow, 1 mg in 36 years, and is consistent with an assumption that Al3+ taken up by the brain cannot be eliminated and is therefore accumulated. The possibility that Al3+ may cause or contribute to some specific diseases, most of them related to aging, is discussed with the proposed metabolic picture in mind.

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“…The mixed lymphocyte reaction [25,26], antibody-dependent T cell cytotoxicity [27] and cell-mediated cytotoxicity [28] decline with age. However, with respect to gut muco sal immunity specifically, these cell-mediated immune reactions have been little investi gated.…”

Section: Cell-mediated Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Senescence-Associated Gut Mucosal Immunity

Kawanishi

1993

Dig Dis

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The immune response in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) is altered in the aging process. Senescence-induced quantitative decline and qualitative changes of GALT T and B cells and their subpopulations contribute largely to the impaired gut mucosal immune responses. Thus, not only direct cell-to-cell contact interactions, but also patterns of immuno-regulatory cytokine production and serum-soluble cytokine, such as interleukin-2 receptors are also altered, causing both cellular and humoral immune abnormalities in GALT. One of the characteristic features includes functional defects of suppressor T cells. As a consequence, relative hyperfunction of helper T cells ensues. The defective immune response of both function and control of aged GALT may help to explain the increased incidence of infection and neoplasia in the gastrointestinal tract with age. On the subcellular level, these aged T and B cells impair transmembranous signal transduction. Trials of immune interventions to reduce or reverse immunosenescence in GALT were made in animals. The results of adoptive transfer of in vitro educated helper T cells from aged GALT are encouraging. Further innovative immunologic interventions are indicated.

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T-cell division and aging

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Age‐related changes in the function of T cells

Age‐related changes in the function of T cells

Metabolism and possible health effects of aluminum.

Recent Progress in Senescence-Associated Gut Mucosal Immunity

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