T Cells and Cerebral Ischemic Stroke

Gu, Lijuan; Jian, Zhihong; Stary, Creed M.; Xiong, Xiaoxing

doi:10.1007/s11064-015-1676-0

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The results of studies on IS suggest the important role of HMGB1 in stroke-induced immunosuppression, which is similar to a phenomenon observed in SAH [28][29][30][31]. The levels of this protein were increased in IS patients and correlated with the number of circulating leukocytes, stroke severity, and inflammatory markers [32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Inflammatory Responses Induced by the Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms Are Modulated by miRNAs

et al. 2019

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Influence of an intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture on the expression of miRNAs and the potential significance of the resulting changes remains poorly understood. We aimed to characterize the response to the IA rupture through the analysis of miRNAs in peripheral blood cells. Expression of small RNAs was investigated using deep transcriptome sequencing in patients in the acute phase of an IA rupture (first 72 h), in the chronic phase (3-15 months), and controls. A functional analysis and the potential interactions between miRNAs and target genes were investigated. We also measured the levels of proteins that were influenced by regulated miRNAs. We found that 106 mature miRNAs and 90 miRNA precursors were differentially expressed among the groups. The regulated miRNAs were involved in a variety of pathways, and the top pathway involved cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions. The identified miRNAs targeted the inflammatory factors HMGB1 and FASLG. Changes in their expression were detected at the mRNA and protein levels. IA rupture strongly influences the transcription profiles in peripheral blood cells. The regulated miRNAs were involved in the control of immune cell homeostasis. In summary, these results may aid in the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that orchestrate the inflammatory response to IA rupture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Inflammatory Responses Induced by the Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms Are Modulated by miRNAs

et al. 2019

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“…Some studies with animal models also indicated that lymphocytes were involved in the pathology following ICH [23], which suggested that lymphocytes have a role in the pathological changes after ICH. Patients with stroke may experience lymphopenia or decreasing absolute lymphocyte count, a phenomenon of immunodepression, which might result from activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, sympathetic nervous system, and parasympathetic nervous system, via the secretion and release of acetylcholine, catecholamines, and cortisol, which may lead to lymphocyte apoptosis [24]. Some studies suggested that higher ALC can upregulate the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 and suppress inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6, resulting in a neuroprotective effect [25,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the one hand, just like NLR, LMR is a biomarker reflecting the inflammatory and immune status caused by ICH. The inflammatory response following ICH is meditated by lymphocytes and monocytes, leading to secondary brain injury including white matter damage, blood–brain barrier breakdown, and brain edema [24–28,31–35], which may have a critical role in the development of ND and 90-day mortality. On the other hand, immunosuppression caused by ICH may led to some post-stroke complications such as pneumonia, which promotes patient mortality [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio Is an Independent Predictor for Neurological Deterioration and 90-Day Mortality in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Wang

Deng

et al. 2018

Med Sci Monit

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BackgroundLymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) is an independent predictive factor of clinical outcome of acute ischemic stroke and cancer, but the predictive effect of LMR in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the impact of peripheral LMR on the neurological deterioration (ND) during the initial week after spontaneous ICH onset, as well as 90-day mortality.Material/MethodThe clinical data of 558 consecutive patients with ICH were retrospectively analyzed. LMR is calculated by absolute lymphocyte count divided by absolute monocyte count.ResultsOf these patients, 166 patients experienced ND during the first week after admission and 72 patients died within 90 days. Multivariate analysis indicated that white blood cells (WBC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), LMR were significantly associated with ND during the initial week after ICH onset and also were associated with 90-day mortality. Moreover, NLR and LMR showed a higher predictive ability in ND during the initial week after ICH onset than 90-day mortality in receiver operating characteristic analysis. The best cut-off points of NLR and LMR in predicting ND and 90-day mortality were 10.24 and 2.21 and 16.81 and 2.19, respectively.ConclusionsOur results suggest that LMR on admission is a predictive factor for ND during the initial week after ICH onset, as well as 90-day mortality.

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“…The information described above resolves the controversial issue of whether a lower lymphocyte count is independently associated with poor outcome at 3 months [ 7 , 26 ]. Following stroke, patients may have lymphopenia or a reduction in absolute lymphocyte count, a phenomenon of immunodepression, which might due to activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, sympathetic nervous system, and parasympathetic nervous system, with the secretion and release of cortisol, catecholamines, and acetylcholine, contributing to lymphocyte apoptosis [ 27 ]. Our study found that patients in group 3 with decreased lymphocyte count were more likely to have poor outcome, which suggests that a lower lymphocyte count is correlated with adverse prognosis of patients undergoing IV rt-PA administration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio Predicts Poor Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated with Thrombolysis

et al. 2017

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BackgroundOur previous study found that lower lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) is an independent risk factor of clinical outcome of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, whether lower LMR is independently associated with adverse prognosis of AIS treated with thrombolysis has not been determined. In this study, we explored the relationship between LMR and prognosis of AIS treated with thrombolysis.Material/MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 108 patients treated with thrombolysis. LMR was calculated according to lymphocyte count and monocyte count on admission. Patients were classified into 3 groups according to LMR values on admission (group 1 LMR >4.34, group 2 LMR 2.79 to 4.34, group 3 LMR <2.79). Neurologic impairment was estimated by use of the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Clinical prognosis at 3 months was assessed by modified Rankin Scale. The relationship between LMR and neurologic impairment was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the ability of LMR to predict outcome.ResultsPatients in group 3 had lower lymphocyte counts and LMR values and higher monocyte counts (P<0.001). LMR value was negatively correlated with the degree of neurologic impairment (r=−0.372, P<0.001). The ROC suggested a moderate sensitivity (71.6%) and specificity (80.5%) of LMR for predicting prognosis with an optimal cut-off point at 3.48. Higher LMR value was an independent protective factor against adverse prognosis (odds ratio 0.683, 95% confidence interval 0.490−0.952, P=0.024).ConclusionsA lower LMR value is an independent predictor of poor prognosis of AIS treated with thrombolytic therapy.

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T Cells and Cerebral Ischemic Stroke

Cited by 44 publications

References 54 publications

Inflammatory Responses Induced by the Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms Are Modulated by miRNAs

Inflammatory Responses Induced by the Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms Are Modulated by miRNAs

Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio Is an Independent Predictor for Neurological Deterioration and 90-Day Mortality in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Decreased Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio Predicts Poor Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated with Thrombolysis

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