T-Chain: A General Incentive Scheme for Cooperative Computing

Shin, Kyuyong; Joe‐Wong, Carlee; Ha, Sangtae; Ye, Yi; Rhee, Injong; Reeves, Douglas S.

doi:10.1109/icdcs.2015.25

“…Existing schemes to prevent free-riders (who try to enjoy benefits of the good/service without contributing to it) mainly focus on node behavior modeling [53], cryptographic mechanism [115], contribution certification [116], and blockchain [117]. For example, Li et al [53] design a fluid model for non-freeriders and free-riders in peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing systems to capture free-riding effects in designing optimal bandwidth allocation strategies.…”

Section: E Open and Decentralized Creator Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Metaverse: Fundamentals, Security, and Privacy

wang¹,

Zhou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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<div>Metaverse, as an evolving paradigm of the next-generation Internet, aims to build a fully immersive, hyper spatiotemporal, and self-sustaining virtual shared space for humans to play, work, and socialize. Driven by recent advances in emerging technologies such as extended reality, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, metaverse is stepping from the science fiction to an upcoming reality. However, severe privacy invasions and security breaches (inherited from underlying technologies or emerged in the new digital ecology) of metaverse can impede its wide deployment. At the same time, a series of fundamental challenges (e.g., scalability and interoperability) can arise in metaverse security provisioning owing to the intrinsic characteristics of metaverse, such as immersive realism, hyper spatiotemporality, sustainability, and heterogeneity.</div><div>In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of the fundamentals, security, and privacy of metaverse.</div><div>Specifically, we first investigate a novel distributed metaverse architecture and its key characteristics with ternary-world interactions. Then, we discuss the security and privacy threats, present the critical challenges of metaverse systems, and review the state-of-the-art countermeasures. Finally, we draw open research directions for building future metaverse systems.</div>

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“…For example, Li et al [53] design a fluid model for non-freeriders and free-riders in peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing systems to capture free-riding effects in designing optimal bandwidth allocation strategies. Based on symmetric key cryptography, Shin et al [115] design a lightweight and almost-fair exchange algorithm to prevent free-riders under cooperative computing scenarios. Ma et al [116] propose a differentiated service framework with free-rider prevention in P2P networks, where the differentiation is based on prior contribution levels of individuals.…”

Section: E Open and Decentralized Creator Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Metaverse: Fundamentals, Security, and Privacy

wang¹,

Zhou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

<div>Metaverse, as an evolving paradigm of the next-generation Internet, aims to build a fully immersive, hyper spatiotemporal, and self-sustaining virtual shared space for humans to play, work, and socialize. Driven by recent advances in emerging technologies such as extended reality, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, metaverse is stepping from the science fiction to an upcoming reality. However, severe privacy invasions and security breaches (inherited from underlying technologies or emerged in the new digital ecology) of metaverse can impede its wide deployment. At the same time, a series of fundamental challenges (e.g., scalability and interoperability) can arise in metaverse security provisioning owing to the intrinsic characteristics of metaverse, such as immersive realism, hyper spatiotemporality, sustainability, and heterogeneity.</div><div>In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of the fundamentals, security, and privacy of metaverse.</div><div>Specifically, we first investigate a novel distributed metaverse architecture and its key characteristics with ternary-world interactions. Then, we discuss the security and privacy threats, present the critical challenges of metaverse systems, and review the state-of-the-art countermeasures. Finally, we draw open research directions for building future metaverse systems.</div>

show abstract

“…Caching Optimization. There is considerable recent literature on a variety of caching optimization problems, including proactive caching [21,22], optimal caching under queuing models [23,24], optimal caching under unknown content popularities [25,26], distributed adaptive algorithms for optimal caching [8][9][10]27], caching at the edges [28][29][30][31][32], TTL (timeto-live) caches [33,34], optimal caching in evolving networks [35], joint caching and routing optimization [36][37][38], optimal cache partitioning [39], and collaborative caching [40][41][42][43][44][45]. All the above work assumes that all cache nodes aim to maximize the social welfare.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%