Tablets with thyme (Thymus Vulgaris L) extracts

Zekovic, P Zoran; Lepojevic, D Zika; Markov, L Sinisa; Milosevic, G Svetlana

doi:10.2298/apt0233159z

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…At the same time, their dissolving power is similar to those of liquids. 6 In addition, there was a higher content of lower molecular weight compounds in the thyme supercritical extract (mainly essential oil with thymol as the most abundant compound 3,23,24 ) than in the thyme ethanol extracts, which also contributes to faster diffusion rate of the solute in the case of the thyme SFE. Recently, phenylindolizine was identified as main component of the thyme ethanol extract.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Diffusion Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analyses of diffusion coefficients for different extraction processes from thyme

Petrović¹,

Ivanović²,

Milovanović³

et al. 2012

J Serb Chem Soc

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This work was aimed to analyze kinetics and mass transfer phenomena for different extraction processes from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) leaves. Different extraction processes with ethanol were studied: Soxhlet extraction and ultrasound-assisted batch extraction on the laboratory scale as well as pilot plant batch extraction with mixing. The extraction processes with ethanol were compared to the process of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction performed at 10 MPa and 40°C. Experimental data were analyzed by mathematical model derived from the Fick’s second law to determine and compare diffusion coefficients in the periods of constant and decreasing extraction rate. In the fast extraction period, values of diffusion coefficients were one to three orders of magnitude higher compared to those determined for the period of slow extraction. The highest diffusion coefficient was reported for the fast extraction period of supercritical fluid extraction. In the case of extraction processes with ethanol, ultrasound, stirring and extraction temperature increase enhanced mass transfer rate in the washing phase. On the other hand, ultrasound contributed the most to the increase of mass transfer rate in the period of slow extraction

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Section: Evaluation Of the Diffusion Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analyses of diffusion coefficients for different extraction processes from thyme

Petrović¹,

Ivanović²,

Milovanović³

et al. 2012

J Serb Chem Soc

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“…Additional therapeutic properties of thyme include antioxidant [ 8 ] and antimicrobial activity [ 9 ], genotoxic [ 10 ], anti-inflammatory [ 11 ], analgesic and antipyretic effects [ 12 ], and antidiabetic effects [ 13 ], among others. Several thyme preparations, such as dried herb, liquid extract, elixir, and tincture, are included in different official monographs, and they are commonly added to formulations involving multiple herbal constituents, most often to syrups, but may be also incorporated in tablets [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pharmaceutical formulations containing thyme on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats

Rašković¹,

Pavlović²,

Kvrgić³

et al. 2015

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundHerbal supplements are widely used in the treatment of various liver disases, but some of them may also induce liver injuries. Regarding the infuence of thyme and its constituents on the liver, conflicting results have been reported in the literature. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of two commonly used pharmaceutical formulations containing thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), tincture and syrup, on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in rats.MethodsChemical composition of investigated formulations of thyme was determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Activities of enzyme markers of hepatocellular damage in serum and antioxidant enzymes in the liver homogenates were measured using the kinetic spectrophotometric methods. Liver morphology was characterized by light microscopy using routine hematoxylin and eosin staining.ResultsThymol was found to be predominant active constituent in both tincture and syrup. Investigated thyme preparations exerted antioxidant effects in liver by preventing carbon tetrachloride-induced increase of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, co-treatment with thyme preparations reversed the activities of oxidative stress-related enzymes xanthine oxidase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, towards normal values in the liver. Hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride was reflected by a marked elevation of AST and ALT activities, and histopathologic alterations. Co-administration of thyme tincture resulted in unexpected exacerbation of AST and ALT values in serum, while thyme syrup managed to reduce activites of aminotransferases, in comparison to carbon tetrachloride-treated animals.ConclusionsDespite demonstrated antioxidant activity, mediated through both direct free radical scavenging and activation of antioxidant defense mechanisms, thyme preparations could not ameliorate liver injury in rats. Molecular mechanisms of diverse effects of thyme preparations on chemical-induced hepatotoxicity should be more in-depth investigated.

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“…Chewing tablets with thyme (syrup was prepared from liquid thyme extract) can decrease the amount of microbes in the mouth. In traditional medicine, thyme was used as an antiseptic, antispasmodic, antitussive, antifungal, antioxidative material [ 45 , 46 ]. Thyme was chosen because of its wide pharmacological properties and as a flavor and color corrector in chewable gel tablets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cinnamon, cloves, rosemary extract, grapefruit extract and other spices, herbs or fruits can be used as natural preservatives [ 4 , 53 ]. Thyme extract was chosen as a taste additive but it also has antiseptic and antifungal activities [ 46 ]. In the study by Bartkienė at al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Myristica fragrans on Texture Properties and Shelf-Life of Innovative Chewable Gel Tablets

et al. 2021

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Chewable gel tablets are an underdeveloped subject, even though there are many simple chewable tablets and gummy candies in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Chewable gel tablets are not as sweet, they can have an active substance, pharmacological effect, and a value of nutrition. The aim of this study was to prepare gelatin-based chewable tablets with Myristica fragrans as a preservative and to determine the shelf-life variability depending on storage conditions, and to evaluate texture changes. Firmness and springiness of gel tablets were measured by a texture analyzer and compared between different storage conditions and the shelf-life of tablets was established by mold growing time. Chewable gel tablets were prepared by using silicone form. Mold was most likely to grow on tablets that have been packaged in squeezable bags (after 14 days 60% of all formulations had a mold, p < 0.05). The most stable tablets (over 180 days) were in sealed boxes and contained nutmeg essential oil or its solution, or ethanolic nutmeg extract. The gel tablets’ firmness increased about 4 times when they were stored in opened plastic boxes and their springiness decreased about 1.65 times after 28 days in the mentioned conditions, p < 0.05. Nutmeg hydrolat had the highest influence on texture variation (p < 0.05).

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Tablets with thyme (Thymus Vulgaris L) extracts

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Comparative analyses of diffusion coefficients for different extraction processes from thyme

Comparative analyses of diffusion coefficients for different extraction processes from thyme

Effects of pharmaceutical formulations containing thyme on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats

The Effect of Myristica fragrans on Texture Properties and Shelf-Life of Innovative Chewable Gel Tablets

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