TAC-Cell inputs to human hand and lip induce short-term adaptation of the primary somatosensory cortex

Venkatesan, Lalit; Barlow, Steven M.; Popescu, Mihail; Popescu, Anda; Auer, Edward T.

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.06.015

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The PC laptop computer, Galileo SomatosensoryTM pneumatic controller, and integrated dual-cylinder pump motor are all located outside the shielded MRI scanner suite room. As shown in Fig 1 , the TAC-Cell is essentially a small capsule with a sealing flange (6 mm ID, 15 mm OD), which can be adhered rapidly to virtually any skin surface, including the glabrous hand and face [ 6 , 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural encoding of saltatory pneumotactile velocity in human glabrous hand

Custead

Wang

2017

PLoS ONE

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Neurons in the somatosensory cortex are exquisitely sensitive to mechanical stimulation of the skin surface. The location, velocity, direction, and adaptation of tactile stimuli on the skin’s surface are discriminable features of somatosensory processing, however the representation and processing of dynamic tactile arrays in the human somatosensory cortex are poorly understood. The principal aim of this study was to map the relation between dynamic saltatory pneumatic stimuli at discrete traverse velocities on the glabrous hand and the resultant pattern of evoked BOLD response in the human brain. Moreover, we hypothesized that the hand representation in contralateral Brodmann Area (BA) 3b would show a significant dependence on stimulus velocity. Saltatory pneumatic pulses (60 ms duration, 9.5 ms rise/fall) were repetitively sequenced through a 7-channel TAC-Cell array at traverse velocities of 5, 25, and 65 cm/s on the glabrous hand initiated at the tips of D2 (index finger) and D3 (middle finger) and sequenced towards the D1 (thumb). The resulting hemodynamic response was sampled during 3 functional MRI scans (BOLD) in 20 neurotypical right-handed adults at 3T. Results from each subject were inserted to the one-way ANOVA within-subjects and one sample t-test to evaluate the group main effect of all three velocities stimuli and each of three different velocities, respectively. The stimulus evoked BOLD response revealed a dynamic representation of saltatory pneumotactile stimulus velocity in a network consisting of the contralateral primary hand somatosensory cortex (BA3b), associated primary motor cortex (BA4), posterior insula, and ipsilateral deep cerebellum. The spatial extent of this network was greatest at the 5 and 25 cm/s pneumotactile stimulus velocities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural encoding of saltatory pneumotactile velocity in human glabrous hand

Custead

Wang

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…The pneumotactile stimulator in the present study (GALILEO Somatosensory TM ) uses a chambered tactile cell (TAC-Cell) which can be applied quickly to the skin of any population using double adhesive tape collars, with scalable and programmable control to create saltatory tactile arrays unique to study designs. Recent studies utilizing pulse trains of pneumotactile stimulation at different stimulus rates (2-6 Hz) with just a single TAC-Cell placed on either the glabrous hand or lower face have shown significant and unique short-and long-term adaptation patterns in S1, S2, and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) using magnetoencephalography source localization methods (Popescu et al, , 2013Venkatesan et al, 2010Venkatesan et al, , 2014, and electroencephalography (Custead et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain encoding of saltatory velocity through a pulsed pneumotactile array in the lower face

Custead

Wang

2017

Brain Research

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Processing dynamic tactile inputs is a primary function of the somatosensory system. Spatial velocity encoding mechanisms by the nervous system are important for skilled movement production and may play a role in recovery of sensorimotor function following neurological insult. Little is known about tactile velocity encoding in mechanosensory trigeminal networks required for speech, suck, mastication, and facial gesture. High resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the neural substrates of velocity encoding in the human orofacial somatosensory system during unilateral saltatory pneumotactile stimulation of perioral and buccal hairy skin in 20 neurotypical adults. A custom multichannel, scalable pneumotactile array consisting of 7 TAC-Cells was used to present 5 stimulus conditions: 5cm/s, 25cm/s, 65cm/s, ALL-ON synchronous activation, and ALL-OFF. The spatiotemporal organization of whole-brain blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response was analyzed with general linear modeling (GLM) and fitted response estimates of percent signal change to compare activations associated with each velocity, and the main effect of velocity alone. Sequential saltatory inputs to the right lower face produced localized BOLD responses in 6 key regions of interest (ROI) including; contralateral precentral and postcentral gyri, and ipsilateral precentral, superior temporal (STG), supramarginal gyri (SMG), and cerebellum. The spatiotemporal organization of the evoked BOLD response was highly dependent on velocity, with the greatest amplitude of BOLD signal change recorded during the 5cm/s presentation in the contralateral hemisphere. Temporal analysis of BOLD response by velocity indicated rapid adaptation via a scalability of networks processing changing pneumotactile velocity cues.

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“…In contrast, a tactile stimulus activates a relatively homogenous population of mechanoreceptors corresponding to a local definite skin area. However, only a few recent MEG studies used tactile stimulation to characterize the cortical somatosensory adaptation, and they focused exclusively on the early response components corresponding to SI activation (Renvall et al 2005; Nangini et al 2009; Popescu et al 2010; Venkatesan et al 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive changes in the neuromagnetic response of the primary and association somatosensory areas following repetitive tactile hand stimulation in humans

Popescu

Barlow

Venkatesan

et al. 2012

Human Brain Mapping

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Cortical adaptation in the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) has been probed using different stimulation modalities and recording techniques, in both human and animal studies. In contrast, considerably less knowledge has been gained about the adaptation profiles in other areas of the cortical somatosensory network. Using magnetoencephalography, we examined the patterns of short-term adaptation for evoked responses in SI and somatosensory association areas during tactile stimulation applied to the glabrous skin of the right hand. Cutaneous stimuli were delivered as trains of serial pulses with a constant frequency of 2 Hz and 4 Hz in separate runs, and a constant inter-train interval of 5 s. The unilateral stimuli elicited transient responses to the serial pulses in the train, with several response components that were separated by Independent Component Analysis. Subsequent neuromagnetic source reconstruction identified regional generators in the contralateral SI and somatosensory association areas in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Activity in the bilateral secondary somatosensory cortex (i.e. SII/PV) was also identified, although less consistently across subjects. The dynamics of the evoked activity in each area and the frequency-dependent adaptation effects were assessed from the changes in the relative amplitude of serial responses in each train. We show that the adaptation profiles in SI and PPC can be quantitatively characterized from neuromagnetic recordings using tactile stimulation, with the sensitivity to repetitive stimulation increasing from SI to PPC. A similar approach for SII/PV has proven less straightforward, potentially due to the selective nature of these areas to respond predominantly to certain stimuli.

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TAC-Cell inputs to human hand and lip induce short-term adaptation of the primary somatosensory cortex

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Neural encoding of saltatory pneumotactile velocity in human glabrous hand

Neural encoding of saltatory pneumotactile velocity in human glabrous hand

Brain encoding of saltatory velocity through a pulsed pneumotactile array in the lower face

Adaptive changes in the neuromagnetic response of the primary and association somatosensory areas following repetitive tactile hand stimulation in humans

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