Tai Chi as a Therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Reducing Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Pan, Xiandu; Tian, Li; Yang, Fan; Sun, Jiahao; Li, Xinye; An, Na; Xing, Yanfen; Su, Xin; Liu, Xu; Liu, Can; Gao, Yonghong; Xing, Yanwei

doi:10.1155/2021/4094325

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It is the wide impact of Tai Chi exercises that makes them unique. In addition to metabolic changes, they positively affect the reduction of depression and perpetuate the improvement of depression indicators; thus, this confirms its mental health benefits [ 1 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. The presented positive health effects of Tai Chi exercises were also noticed in relation to the elderly, reducing the frequency of falls and improving functioning of the immune system.…”

Section: Therapeutic Perspective Of the Numerous Possibilities Of Han...mentioning

confidence: 56%

From Ancient Patterns of Hand-to-Hand Combat to a Unique Therapy of the Future

Kruszewski

2023

IJERPH

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The purpose of this publication is to provide generalized knowledge of the area of changes that took place over past centuries in relation to health, social and cultural conditions. In Greek mythology, it was necessary to nurture both body and spirit to be a perfect human being. This link between the concepts of physical beauty and goodness can be also found in later works dedicated to ancient Greek history. Particularly in Greek myths, and in Greek education in general, it was believed that both physical and spiritual excellence were necessary to raise men to achieve their true form. Some of the main forms of implementing this idea were hand-to-hand combat exercises (wrestling, boxing and pankration). Ideas characteristic of the world of ancient Greece, in a general sense, can be observed in the culture of the Far East. The main difference is the fact that these principles did not survive in Western culture as a result of transformation into a consumer society focused on the rejection of moral principles. The brutalisation of the forms of the Roman Games meant that the ideals of the ancient world were forgotten for more than 1500 years. The modern Olympic Games were resurrected in the 19th century. Inspired by the ancient Greek cult of health of body and spirit, they gave rise to a movement known as Olympism. In the Olympic Charter written by Coubertin, Olympism was called “a philosophy of life exalting and combining in a balanced whole the qualities of body, will and mind”. The combat sports disciplines have had their place there since the beginning of the modern Olympic Games. The evolution of hand-to-hand combat disciplines, including numerous scientific studies indicating a very broad impact in the area of health, led to this type of physical activity being reached for as an essential element in supporting the health-promoting behaviour of society. Nowadays, physical activity in the area of exercise with elements of hand-to-hand combat, combat sports, or martial arts is an indissoluble link in the prevention and treatment of 21st century diseases. For Parkinson’s disease patients, drug treatment is an essential resource for continuing to function in society, but it will not be completely effective without supporting the treatment with appropriate and attractive physical activity (e.g., “Rock Steady Boxing”). Of similar importance is the prevention of dangerous falls, which are common in this population as well as among the elderly or those affected by other diseases of civilisation. Implementing the principles and techniques of safe falling in the teaching of the young population significantly increases the likelihood of applying appropriate responses to these individuals in adulthood and old age. Actions that should be taken now for prevention can be implemented through social programmes, such as “Active today for a healthy future”.

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Section: Therapeutic Perspective Of the Numerous Possibilities Of Han...mentioning

confidence: 56%

From Ancient Patterns of Hand-to-Hand Combat to a Unique Therapy of the Future

Kruszewski

2023

IJERPH

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“…Only 1 SR/MA [ 26 ] was rated as high quality, and the quality of the remaining SRs/MAs [ 27 – 37 ] was rated very low since more than one critical area was missing. Methodological quality limitations come from the following items: Item 2 (only 3 SRs/MAs registered the study protocol), Item 7 (only 1 SR/MA [ 26 ] provided a literature exclusion list), and Item 13 (when interpreting the evaluation results, only 4 SRs/MAs [ 26 , 28 , 29 , 36 ] considered the risk of bias in the main study).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Domain 2, 6 SRs/MAs [ 26 – 28 , 30 , 32 , 33 ] were assessed as low risk. In Domain 3, 7 SRs/MAs [ 26 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 37 ] were assessed as low risk of bias and 3 SRs/MAs [ 26 , 29 , 34 ] were assessed as low risk of bias in Domain 4. In Phase 3, only 1 SR/MA [ 26 ] had a low risk of bias.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fifteen SBP-related outcomes were reported in 11 SRs/MAs [ 26 – 29 , 31 – 37 ], all of which indicated that TC was effective in reducing SBP in EH patients. Of the 11 SRs/MAs [ 26 – 29 , 31 – 37 ] that reported 16 outcomes related to DBP, only 1 [ 33 ] outcome showed that TC was ineffective in reducing DBP compared with HE/NT and the rest showed that TC was effective in reducing DBP.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three SRs/MAs [ 27 , 29 , 30 ] reported that TC exercise could improve QOL in EH patients. Three SRs/MAs [ 29 , 31 , 32 ] reported the efficacy of TC exercise on BMI, and 2 SRs/MAs [ 29 , 32 ] showed that TC could reduce BMI in EH patients. Two SRs/MAs [ 28 , 35 ] reported the superiority of TC exercise in terms of efficacy in treating EH patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quality of Evidence Supporting the Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on Essential Hypertension: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

Shi

Wang

et al. 2022

Cardiology Research and Practice

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Objectives. Tai Chi (TC) is a potential complementary treatment for essential hypertension (EH). This overview systematically summarizes and evaluates the existing evidence of TC in the therapy of EH. Methods. Systematic reviews (SRs)/meta-analyses (MAs) on TC interventions for EH were comprehensively searched in seven databases. Methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and quality of evidence were assessed by means of the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), the Risk of Bias in Systematic (ROBIS) scale, the list of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), as well as the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results. Twelve published SRs/MAs were included in our study. According to the results of the AMSTAR-2, ROBIS, PRISMA, and GRADE assessment, only 1 SR/MA was assessed as high quality and only 1 SR/MA was assessed as low risk of bias. Only 2 SRs/MAs have been fully reported on the checklist. In addition to that, the quality of evidence was assessed for a total of 69 outcome indicators extracted from the SRs/MAs included in this overview, and only 3 items were assessed as high quality. Conclusions. TC may be an effective and safe complementary treatment for EH. However, this conclusion must be approached with caution, as the quality of the evidence provided by the SRs/MAs is usually low.

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Effect of Tai Chi vs Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure in Patients With Prehypertension

Li,

Chang,

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportancePrehypertension increases the risk of developing hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Early and effective intervention for patients with prehypertension is highly important.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of Tai Chi vs aerobic exercise in patients with prehypertension.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective, single-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted between July 25, 2019, and January 24, 2022, at 2 tertiary public hospitals in China. Participants included 342 adults aged 18 to 65 years with prehypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120 to 139 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP (DBP) of 80 to 89 mm Hg.InterventionsParticipants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to a Tai Chi group (n = 173) or an aerobic exercise group (n = 169). Both groups performed four 60-minute supervised sessions per week for 12 months.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was SBP at 12 months obtained in the office setting. Secondary outcomes included SBP at 6 months and DBP at 6 and 12 months obtained in the office setting and 24-hour ambulatory BP at 12 months.ResultsOf the 1189 patients screened, 342 (mean [SD] age, 49.3 [11.9] years; 166 men [48.5%] and 176 women [51.5%]) were randomized to 1 of 2 intervention groups: 173 to Tai Chi and 169 to aerobic exercise. At 12 months, the change in office SBP was significantly different between groups by −2.40 (95% CI, −4.39 to −0.41) mm Hg (P = .02), with a mean (SD) change of −7.01 (10.12) mm Hg in the Tai Chi group vs −4.61 (8.47) mm Hg in the aerobic exercise group. The analysis of office SBP at 6 months yielded similar results (−2.31 [95% CI, −3.94 to −0.67] mm Hg; P = .006). Additionally, 24-hour ambulatory SBP (−2.16 [95% CI, −3.84 to −0.47] mm Hg; P = .01) and nighttime ambulatory SBP (−4.08 [95% CI, −6.59 to −1.57] mm Hg; P = .002) were significantly reduced in the Tai Chi group compared with the aerobic exercise group.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study including patients with prehypertension, a 12-month Tai Chi intervention was more effective than aerobic exercise in reducing SBP. These findings suggest that Tai Chi may help promote the prevention of cardiovascular disease in populations with prehypertension.Trial RegistrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier: ChiCTR1900024368

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Tai Chi as a Therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Reducing Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

From Ancient Patterns of Hand-to-Hand Combat to a Unique Therapy of the Future

From Ancient Patterns of Hand-to-Hand Combat to a Unique Therapy of the Future

Quality of Evidence Supporting the Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on Essential Hypertension: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

Effect of Tai Chi vs Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure in Patients With Prehypertension

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