Tailored Management of Airway Abnormalities in Children with Congenital Single Functional Lung

Intrathoracic prosthesis in children in preventing post pneumonectomy syndrome: Its role in congenital single lung and post pneumonectomy situations

“…Conservative treatment of PPS is often successful in alleviating symptoms, but surgery is indicated in those patients who fail to achieve sustained improvement. Surgery is often indicated in children who remain on respiratory support, to improve their quality of life 6 . Despite recognition that surgical correction of PPS should aim to restore the mediastinum to its normal anatomic relationships to allow the compromised airway to assume its normal position and patency 7 , numerous surgical techniques have been posited, with varying results 1,[8][9][10] .…”

Pulmonary artery sling: An overview

“…Even at the severe end of the spectrum, LPA sling occurs in association with long segment tracheal stenosis; survival figures vary from 50 to above 90% 1,38 . There are even reports of reasonable survival for tracheal stenosis following slide tracheoplasty with a single lung 61,67 . Improved survival over the last decade also been due to the wider adoption of complex airway services and multidisciplinary teams which evaluate not only the heart and the airway but also focus on other issues such as feeding, swallowing and neurodevelopment 68,69 .…”

“…Following slide tracheoplasty, the trachea usually grows with age with no limitations on exercise later in childhood or adulthood 60 . At the more complex end of the spectrum there may be associated tracheobronchial malacia which may be approached by a number of ways including long‐term ventilation or airway stenting, more recently with biodegradable stents 6,43,61 …”

Aortopexy with pericardiopexy for tracheomalacia in right pulmonary agenesis

“…Anatomical change after aortopexy with pericardiopexy for tracheomalacia in right pulmonary agenesis has not been elucidated, 2 and recurrence of mediastinal distortion due to failed pericardiopexy is a major concern. During the mid‐term follow up, we demonstrated that the restored mediastinum had been supported by the elevated right diaphragm and liver.…”

“…2 Second, mediastinal distortion causes deviation of the trachea and an increase of the tracheal curvature. 2 A severely curved trachea aggravates airway resistance. 3 Aortopexy can relieve direct tracheal compression by the aorta.…”