Tailoring a 67 attosecond pulse through advantageous phase-mismatch

Zhao, Kun; Zhang, Qi; Chini, Michael; Wu, Yi; Wang, Xiaowei; Chang, Zenghu

doi:10.1364/ol.37.003891

Cited by 553 publications

(354 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Ky, 42.50.Hz, 72.20.Ht The generation of high harmonics (HHG) in the nonlinear interaction of intense ultrashort infrared (IR) laser pulses with matter has turned out to be a highly successful route towards the generation of attosecond pulses in the EUV and XUV spectral regimes [1][2][3][4]. It has become the workhorse of investigation of a vast array of electronic processes on the attosecond time scale [5].…”

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Ab initio multiscale simulation of high-order harmonic generation in solids

et al. 2018

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High-harmonic generation by a highly non-linear interaction of infrared laser fields with matter allows for the generation of attosecond pulses in the XUV spectral regime. This process, well established for atoms, has been recently extended to the condensed phase. Remarkably well pronounced harmonics up to order ∼ 30 have been observed for dielectrics. We present the first ab-initio multiscale simulation of solid-state high-harmonic generation. We find that mesoscopic effects of the extended system, in particular the realistic sampling of the entire Brillouin zone, the pulse propagation in the dense medium, and the inhomogeneous illumination of the crystal have a strong effect on the formation of clean harmonic spectra. Our results provide a novel explanation for the formation of clean harmonics and have implications for a wide range of non-linear optical processes in dense media.PACS numbers: 42.65. Ky, 42.50.Hz, 72.20.Ht The generation of high harmonics (HHG) in the nonlinear interaction of intense ultrashort infrared (IR) laser pulses with matter has turned out to be a highly successful route towards the generation of attosecond pulses in the EUV and XUV spectral regimes [1][2][3][4]. It has become the workhorse of investigation of a vast array of electronic processes on the attosecond time scale [5]. Expanding the range of accessible photon energies and intensities faces, however, fundamental limitations. Experimental and theoretical investigations have established a scaling of the cut-off energy E cut ∝ λ 2 for HHG from atoms in the gas phase raising hopes to reach ever higher photon energies by increasing the wavelength λ of the driving laser pulse. However, the intensity in the cut-off region was found to scale unfavorably I cut ∝ λ −5.3 due to the large spatial dispersion of the electron wave packet upon return to its parent atom [6][7][8][9][10]. Propagation effects in gas filled capillaries have been found to partially offset this suppression at high λ [11].Extending HHG to the condensed phase promises to overcome some of these limitations to enable compact and brighter light sources and to open up the novel field of solid-state photonics on the attosecond scale. The recent observation of HHG in solids for intensities below the damage threshold [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] suggests opportunities for controlling electronic dynamics [16,17] and for an alloptical reconstruction of the band structure [19].The observed solid-state HHG substantially differs from the corresponding atomic spectra. For example, while for atoms the cut-off frequency ω HHG cut scales linearly with the (peak) intensity I 0 of the driving pulse [20,21] One major puzzle has remained so far unresolved: while many experiments display remarkably "clean" harmonic spectra with pronounced peaks near multiples of the driving frequency (odd multiples when inversion symmetry is preserved) all the way up to the cutoff frequency, corresponding simulations display a noisy spectrum lacking any clear harmonic structure over a wide range of fre...

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Ab initio multiscale simulation of high-order harmonic generation in solids

et al. 2018

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“…This corresponds to a spectral width [6] Δω ≃ 1.44ω=n p ≈ 17 eV, and a FWHM in the intensity of 0.36T, or 1.1 cycles. Such single-cycle attosecond pulses (having linear polarization) have been achieved experimentally [7][8][9], albeit with much lower intensity. However, the vortices we predict involve single-photon ionization processes; thus, the vortex patterns will occur for lower intensity pulses, although the photoelectron count rate will scale linearly with intensity.…”

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Electron Vortices in Photoionization by Circularly Polarized Attosecond Pulses

et al. 2015

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“…Attosecond pulses with durations of 67 as [18] or 80 as [2] have been reported using typical 800 nm driving * cdlin@phys.ksu.edu lasers. These pulses are characterized based on the principle of attosecond streaking where the XUV's electric field is converted to an electron spectrum, or spectrogram, through photoelectron emission in atoms, in the presence of a moderately intense IR laser field.…”

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Phase-retrieval algorithm for the characterization of broadband single attosecond pulses

Xi-nan

Hui

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. A

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Recent progress in high-order harmonic generation with few-cycle mid-infrared wavelength lasers has pushed light pulses into the water window region and beyond. These pulses have the bandwidth to support single attosecond pulses down to a few tens of attoseconds. However, the present available techniques for attosecond pulse measurement are not applicable to such pulses. Here we report a phase-retrieval method using the standard photoelectron streaking technique where an attosecond pulse is converted into its electron replica through photoionization of atoms in the presence of a time-delayed infrared laser. The iterative algorithm allows accurate reconstruction of the spectral phase of light pulses, from the extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) to soft X-rays, with pulse durations from hundreds down to a few tens of attoseconds. At the same time, the streaking laser fields, including short pulses that span a few octaves, can also be accurately retrieved. Such well-characterized single attosecond pulses in the XUV to the soft X-ray region are required for time-resolved probing of inner-shell electronic dynamics of matter at their own timescale of a few tens of attoseconds.

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Tailoring a 67 attosecond pulse through advantageous phase-mismatch

Cited by 553 publications

References 17 publications

Ab initio multiscale simulation of high-order harmonic generation in solids

Ab initio multiscale simulation of high-order harmonic generation in solids

Electron Vortices in Photoionization by Circularly Polarized Attosecond Pulses

Phase-retrieval algorithm for the characterization of broadband single attosecond pulses

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