Tailoring of Novel Azithromycin-Loaded Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Wound Healing

Abstract

Skin is the largest mechanical barrier against invading pathogens. Following skin injury, the healing process immediately starts to regenerate the damaged tissues and to avoid complications that usually include colonization by pathogenic bacteria, leading to fever and sepsis, which further impairs and complicates the healing process. So, there is an urgent need to develop a novel pharmaceutical material that promotes the healing of infected wounds. The present work aimed to prepare and evaluate the efficacy of novel azithromycin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles (AZM-ZnONPs) in the treatment of infected wounds. The Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology were used to evaluate loading efficiency and release characteristics of the prepared NPs. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the formulations was determined against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Moreover, the anti-bacterial and wound-healing activities of the AZM-loaded ZnONPs impregnated into hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC) gel were evaluated in an excisional wound model in rats. The prepared ZnONPs were loaded with AZM by adsorption. The prepared ZnONPs were fully characterized by XRD, EDAX, SEM, TEM, and FT-IR analysis. Particle size distribution for the prepared ZnO and AZM-ZnONPs were determined and found to be 34 and 39 nm, respectively. The mechanism by which AZM adsorbed on the surface of ZnONPs was the best fit by the Freundlich model with a maximum load capacity of 160.4 mg/g. Anti-microbial studies showed that AZM-ZnONPs were more effective than other controls. Using an experimental infection model in rats, AZM-ZnONPs impregnated into HPMC gel enhanced bacterial clearance and epidermal regeneration, and stimulated tissue formation. In conclusion, AZM -loaded ZnONPs are a promising platform for effective and rapid healing of infected wounds.

Environmentally azithromycin pharmaceutical wastewater management and synergetic biocompatible approaches of loaded azithromycin@hematite nanoparticles

“…The parameter b T is a constant that is related to the heating of the adsorption process. According to the Temkin model, if the b T value is > 80 kJ/mol that means the adsorption is chemisorption in nature 23 , 28 , 45 ; in our investigations, the b T was found to be 129.3.…”

“…It can also be considered one of the safest and most effective strategies for removing antibiotics from aqueous environments 23 . In the removal of Azr from aqueous solutions, various adsorbents have been widely used at the nanoscale 20 , 24 – 28 .…”

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Fabrication, DFT Calculation, and Molecular Docking of Two Fe(III) Imine Chelates as Anti-COVID-19 and Pharmaceutical Drug Candidate

“…The Well diffusion approach [ 32 , 56 , 57 ] was used to test in vitro antifungal and antibacterial activities of PDBS and CPBS imine ligands and their Fe 3+ chelates. DMSO was used to prepare stock solutions of different concentrations (µg/mL) to evaluate antimicrobial efficiency.…”

Folate Conjugated Polyethylene Glycol Probe for Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil

“…A promising method to resolve this issue is to design a specific delivery system to transport small molecules towards their target sites. Drug delivery systems along with a reduction in systemic toxicity exert significant treatment effects of attached antimicrobial and anticancer agents for infection and tumor [ 1 , 2 ]. Drug delivery probes labeled with radionuclides are capable of precisely highlighting the infection/tumor lesion in gamma cameras [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”