Tailoring PLA/ABS Blends Compatibilized with SEBS-g-MA through Annealing Heat Treatment

Abstract

In this work, blends based on poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) compatibilized with maleic anhydride-grafted (SEBS-g-MA) were prepared in a co-rotational twin-screw extruder by varying the concentrations of the compatibilizing agent. The influence of the compatibilizing agent on the morphology, mechanical, thermal, thermomechanical, and rheological properties of the prepared materials was analyzed. The effect of annealing on the properties of the blends was also investigated using injection-molded samples. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results proved that the increments in crystallinity were an effect of annealing in the PLA/ABS/SEBS-g-MA blends, resonating at higher heat deflection temperatures (HDTs). The impact strength of the PLA/ABS blends compatibilized with 10 wt% SEBS-g-MA was significantly increased when compared to the PLA/ABS blends. However, the hardness and elastic modulus of the blends decreased when compared to neat PLA. The refined morphology shown in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses corroborated the improved impact strength promoted by SEBS-g-MA. The torque rheometer degradation study also supported the increased compatibility between SEBS-g-MA, PLA, and ABS. The TGA results show that the PLA/ABS and PLA/ABS/SEBS-g-MA blends are more thermally stable than the neat PLA polymer at higher temperatures. The results showed that the ideal composition is the heat-treated PLA/ABS/SEBS-g-MA (60/30/10 wt%), given the high impact strength and HDT results. The results of this work in terms of mechanical improvement with the use of compatibilizers and annealing suggest that the PLA/ABS/SEBS-g-MA system can be used in the production of 3D-printing filaments.

Phase Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Super-Tough PLLA/TPE/EMA-GMA Ternary Blends

“…The blending of PLA with non-biodegradable polymers, usually derived from petroleum resources, has been adopted primarily to increase the bio-based content of these blends. The main polymer families that have been blended are polyolefins (PE [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ] and PP [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]), vinyl copolymers (EVA [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ] and EVOH [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]), styrene copolymers (ABS [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]), and various elastomers (PU [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ] and TPEE [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]) or rubbers [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Given that utilizing petroleum-based substances to enhance PLA somewhat undermines sustainability, there has been growing attention on toughening PLA through renewable polymers like polyamide 11 (PA11) [ 55 , 56 , 57 ] or flexible copolymers such as polyether block amide (PEBA) [ 58 , 59 , 60 ].…”