Tailoring the mechanical properties of polyacrylamide-based hydrogels

Baker, Bryan A.; Murff, Rebecca; Milam, Valeria T.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2010.02.022

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Adding reactive monomers to the prepolymer solution alters the bulk chemical and mechanical properties [105]. Acrylic acid or other carboxyl-containing molecules that co-polymerize with acrylamide result in hydrogels with carboxyl groups on the surface [106].…”

Section: Enabling Cell Adhesion By Engineering Surface-ecm Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

For whom the cells pull: Hydrogel and micropost devices for measuring traction forces

Ribeiro

Denisin

Wilson

et al. 2016

Methods

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While performing several functions, adherent cells deform their surrounding substrate via stable adhesions that connect the intracellular cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. The traction forces that deform the substrate are studied in mechanotrasduction because they are affected by the mechanics of the extracellular milieu. We review the development and application of two methods widely used to measure traction forces generated by cells on 2D substrates: i) traction force microscopy with polyacrylamide hydrogels and ii) calculation of traction forces with arrays of deformable microposts. Measuring forces with these methods relies on measuring substrate displacements and converting them into force. We describe approaches to determine force from displacements and elaborate on the necessary experimental conditions for this type of analysis. We emphasize device fabrication, mechanical calibration of substrates and covalent attachment of extracellular matrix proteins to substrates as key features in the design of experiments to measure cell traction forces with polyacrylamide hydrogels or microposts. We also report the challenges and achievements in integrating these methods with platforms for the mechanical stimulation of adherent cells. The approaches described here will enable new studies to understand cell mechanical outputs as a function of mechanical inputs and the understanding of mechanotransduction mechanisms.

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Section: Enabling Cell Adhesion By Engineering Surface-ecm Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

For whom the cells pull: Hydrogel and micropost devices for measuring traction forces

Ribeiro

Denisin

Wilson

et al. 2016

Methods

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“…Dipole interactions, electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic interactions play a larger part in balancing the forces of phase-transition for Am-based hydrogels. These gels are water soluble above 0 °C and able to swell several times their dry-weight to an extent highly dependent on their synthesis methods [58][59][60][61]. Although Am itself can be polymerized to form hydrogels, they do not undergo volume-phase transition.…”

Section: Acrylamide Based Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-Responsive Hydrogels for Stimuli-Responsive Membranes

Mah

Ghosh

2013

Processes

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Abstract:Composite membranes with stimuli-responsive properties can be made by coating a thermo-responsive hydrogel onto a micro-or macroporous support. These hydrogels undergo a temperature induced volume-phase transition, which contributes towards the composite membrane's stimuli-responsive properties. This paper reviews research done on complimentary forms of temperature responsive "thermophilic" hydrogels, those exhibiting positive volume-phase transitions in aqueous solvent. The influences of intermolecular forces on the mechanism of phase-transition are discussed along with case examples of typical thermophilic hydrogels.

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“…To characterize the hydrogels, the most common techniques used are water uptake [Lohakan et al, 2010;; mechanical properties [Baker et al, 2010;Jiang et al, 2010;Xu et al, 2010]; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [Moura et al, 2009;Ferrer et al, 2010;Gao et al, 2010;Li et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2010]; Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy [Kim et al, 2010;; nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) [Yin et al, 2010]; differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) [Castelli et al, 2008;Rao et al, 2010]; thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) [Rodkate et al, 2010]; structural properties [Panic et al, 2010] through average molar mass between crosslinks (M c ), crosslink density (q), and number of elastically effective chains, completely included in a perfect network, per unit volume (V e ); and controlled release of drugs [Koutroumanis et al, 2010;Liu & Lin, 2010;Sajeesh et al, 2010;Tanigo et al, 2010]; and agrochemicals [Saraydin et al, 2000;Bajpai & Giri, 2003;Bajpai et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2007;Pourjavadi et al, 2009].…”

Section: Characterization Of Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%