Tailoring the Surface and Composition of Nanozymes for Enhanced Bacterial Binding and Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

With the advantages of diverse structures, tunable enzymatic activity, and high stability, nanozymes are widely used in medicine, chemistry, food, environment, and other fields. As an alternative to traditional antibiotics, nanozymes attract more and more attention from the scientific researchers in recent years. Developing nanozymes‐based antibacterial materials opens up a new avenue for the bacterial disinfection and sterilization. In this review, the classification of nanozymes and their antibacterial mechanisms are discussed. The surface and composition of nanozymes are critical for the antibacterial efficacy, which can be tailored to enhance both the bacterial binding and the antibacterial activity. On the one hand, the surface modification of nanozymes enables binding and targeting of bacteria that improves the antibacterial performance of nanozymes including the biochemical recognition, the surface charge, and the surface topography. On the other hand, the composition of nanozymes can be modulated to achieve enhanced antibacterial performance including the single nanozyme‐mediated synergistic and multiple nanozymes‐mediated cascade catalytic antibacterial applications. In addition, the current challenges and future prospects of tailoring nanozymes for antibacterial applications are discussed. This review can provide insights into the design of future nanozymes‐based materials for the antibacterial treatments.

Transition-Metal-Based Nanozymes: Synthesis, Mechanisms of Therapeutic Action, and Applications in Cancer Treatment

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Nanozyme as a rising star for metabolic disease management

“…This approach can improve the localization of nanozymes and reduce systemic exposure [ 83 ]. Furthermore, the optimization of nanozymes’ size, shape, and surface charge can also improve their accumulation and retention specifically in the targeted organ [ 84 ]. Overall, organ-specific targeting of nanozymes holds great potential for improving the safety and efficacy of therapeutic interventions.…”

Research progress of metal–organic framework nanozymes in bacterial sensing, detection, and treatment

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