Take charge: Personality as predictor of recovery from eating disorder

Levallius, Johanna; Roberts, Brent W.; Clinton, David; Norring, Claes

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.08.064

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 183 publications

(266 reference statements)

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“…and therapeutic approach (e.g., psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, interpersonal, etc.). However, this limitation may also be a potential strength: as all patients were from the same residential unit and interacted with the same team of professionals, they participated in a shared environment, which facilitated our investigation of the impact of individual factors [24]. An additional limitation is that, after discharge, no assessment of personality, ED symptoms, and/or overall impairment was carried out.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence has shown that personality can explain meaningful variance in the onset, course, maintenance, symptomatic presentation, and recovery rates of ED patients [18][19][20], as well as their high attrition and low compliance to therapeutic interventions [21]. Impaired personality functioning has also been found to predict differences in the number of previous hospitalizations, treatment length, and overall ED symptoms at the termination of outpatient treatment, over and above the presence of specific ED symptoms [22][23][24]. In more intensive care settings, personality patterns have been found to be associated with drop-out rates [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personality as a predictor of symptomatic change in a residential treatment setting for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

Muzi

Tieghi²,

Rugo³

et al. 2020

Eat Weight Disord

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Purpose Although personality has been widely researched in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), the nature of this relationship has not yet been clearly articulated. The pathoplasty model theorizes that personality might shape symptomatic presentation and thus affect therapeutic outcomes, but more research is needed. The present study aimed at investigating the predictive value of a broad spectrum of personality traits in determining AN and BN treatment outcomes, considering both the statistical and clinical significance of the therapeutic change. Methods Eighty-four female patients with AN and BN treated in a residential program were evaluated at treatment onset using the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure-200—a clinician-rated measure of personality disorders and healthy personality functioning. At both intake and discharge, patients completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 to assess eating symptoms and the Outcome Questionnaire-45.2 to evaluate overall impairment. Results Considering overall ED symptomatic change, multiple regression analyses showed that, even when controlling for baseline symptoms and DSM-5 categories, schizoid (B = 0.41, p ≤ 0.01), avoidant (B = 0.31, p ≤ 0.05), and paranoid (B = 0.25, p ≤ 0.05) personality features predicted worse therapeutic outcomes. Similar results were found when applying the clinical significance approach, with the emotionally dysregulated factor as an additional negative predictor of significant/reliable change (B = − 0.09; p < 0.01). Healthy personality functioning predicted better therapeutic outcomes (B = − 0.34, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions Pathoplastic models and personality-based research in this clinical population have the potential to inform effective treatment strategies by targeting relevant individual factors. Level of evidence Level III, longitudinal cohort study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality as a predictor of symptomatic change in a residential treatment setting for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

Muzi

Tieghi²,

Rugo³

et al. 2020

Eat Weight Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Personality has furthermore been shown to act as a risk factor, a moderator of symptom expression, for selection of intervention and as a predictor of treatment outcome for eating disorders. [2930]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body dissatisfaction and its relation to Big Five personality factors and self-esteem in young adult college women in India

Soohinda

Mishra

Sampath

et al. 2019

Indian J Psychiatry

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Introduction: Eating disorders are increasingly becoming common among men and women across the world. Body dissatisfaction is found to be one of the prominent risk factors for the development and maintenance of eating disorders. Research suggests that the internalization of culturally unattainable ideals is in fact mediated by self-esteem and personality factors such as high neuroticism, perfectionism, and impulsiveness. Studies on body image concerns in the cultural context of the Indian population are limited. We aimed to study the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction and its association with self-esteem and personality traits among young Indian women. Materials and Methods: Using a cross-sectional design we studied on 555 female college students of North India. Data was collected using self-reported questionnaires: Sociodemographic pro forma, Body Shape Questionnaire (-8C), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and Mini-International Personality Item Pool. Results: The mean age of the participants in the study was 22.24 years (±2.75). Twenty-seven percent of the participants had moderate-to-severe body concern. Body shape dissatisfaction significantly correlated with higher body mass index (BMI) (rs = 0.12, P = 0.003) and lower self-esteem (rs = −0.22, P < 0.001). Among the personality traits, only neuroticism (beta = 0.35, P = 0.01) and conscientiousness (beta = 0.29, P = 0.031) significantly predicted body shape dissatisfaction. Conclusion: A significant percentage of young women in this study had a negative body image associated with higher BMI, lower self-esteem, high neuroticism, and high conscientiousness. Thus, consideration of individual variations in personality traits and self-esteem is important understanding body image concerns. This can help in selection of better interventions in the treatment of body image dissatisfaction.

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“…It could be useful in applications for career development and counseling in the human resources or academic areas [30,31], adaptive e-learning systems [32], diagnosis of mental health disorders (borderline personality disorder [33], depression [3], schizophrenia [34], eating disorder [35] or sleep disorders [36]), virtual psychologist applications [37], and personalized health assistance [38]. It was also shown that there are links between common physical diseases (such as heart attacks, diabetes, cancer, strokes, arthritis, hypertension, and respiratory disease) and Big Five personality traits [39] such that these diseases influence the age-related personality accelerating with 2.5 years decrease for extraversion, 5 years decrease for conscientiousness, 1.6 years decrease for openness, and 1.9 years increase for emotional stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the Sixteen Personality Factors (16PF) of an individual by analyzing facial features

Gavrilescu

Vizireanu

2017

J Image Video Proc.

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We propose a novel three-layered neural network-based architecture for predicting the Sixteen Personality Factors from facial features analyzed using Facial Action Coding System. The proposed architecture is built on three layers: a base layer where the facial features are extracted from each video frame using a multi-state face model and the intensity levels of 27 Action Units (AUs) are computed, an intermediary level where an AU activity map is built containing all AUs' intensity levels fetched from the base layer in a frame-by-frame manner, and a top layer consisting of 16 feed-forward neural networks trained via backpropagation which analyze the patterns in the AU activity map and compute scores from 1 to 10, predicting each of the 16 personality traits. We show that the proposed architecture predicts with an accuracy of over 80%: warmth, emotional stability, liveliness, social boldness, sensitivity, vigilance, and tension. We also show there is a significant relationship between the emotions elicited to the analyzed subjects and high prediction accuracy obtained for each of the 16 personality traits as well as notable correlations between distinct sets of AUs present at high-intensity levels and increased personality trait prediction accuracy. The system converges to a stable result in no more than 1 min, making it faster and more practical than the Sixteen Personality Factors Questionnaire and suitable for real-time monitoring of people's personality traits.

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Take charge: Personality as predictor of recovery from eating disorder

Cited by 17 publications

References 183 publications

Personality as a predictor of symptomatic change in a residential treatment setting for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

Personality as a predictor of symptomatic change in a residential treatment setting for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

Body dissatisfaction and its relation to Big Five personality factors and self-esteem in young adult college women in India

Predicting the Sixteen Personality Factors (16PF) of an individual by analyzing facial features

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