Taking the fight out of people: Exploring how defeat modulates the automatic aggressive response to facial anger

Wilkowski, Benjamin M.; Leki, Elizabeth L.

doi:10.1002/ab.21842

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 57 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…Extensive research suggests competition primes individuals to have a predilection to be aware of and respond to anger displays as compared to other displays (e.g., happiness, fearful, and neutral facial displays) especially in social circumstances (Hermans, Putman, and Van Honk 2006; Wilkowski and Leki 2019), including politics. While facial displays of anger can be used by leaders to assert dominance over other contenders, outsiders, and even supporters, the major means by which leaders obtain consensus, support, and concomitantly followers is through facial displays signaling happiness and/or reassurance (Bucy and Grabe 2008).…”

Section: Emotional Response To Facial Displays Signaling Reward Affil...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional response to U.K. political party leader facial displays of affiliation, reward, and ambiguity during Brexit

Stewart

Lee

Bucy

et al. 2023

Social Science Quarterly

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Objective: On December 12, 2019, the United Kingdom's ruling Conservative Party called an election that put the country's 2016 "Brexit" referendum on leaving the European Union to the test. The divisive campaign and a polarized electorate culminated in large losses by opposition Labour and Liberal Democratic parties. Amid a polarized electorate, lingering questions arise as to whether the election results reflect more upon partisan ties or the respective party leaders' ability to emotionally connect with followers through their nonverbal behavior. Methods: Using a unique pre-registered design, this study considers the emotional response to leaders of the three major U.K. political parties in the week prior to the December 2019 election by drawing upon a national sample of 546 partisan participants. We examine self-reported happiness, affinity, anger, and distress in response to reward and affiliative smiles as well as ambiguous facial displays in short videos shown without sound featuring Conservative Party leader Boris Johnson and his opponents Jeremy Corbyn (Labour Party) and Jo Swinson (Liberal Democratic Party). Results: The findings of this pre-registered study suggests partisan identity plays a powerful role in empathetic and counter-empathetic responses to leader facial displays generally. Further analysis reveals a more nuanced response to the competing leaders' facial displays with followers of all three parties responding to the different smiles in distinct manners.

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Section: Emotional Response To Facial Displays Signaling Reward Affil...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional response to U.K. political party leader facial displays of affiliation, reward, and ambiguity during Brexit

Stewart

Lee

Bucy

et al. 2023

Social Science Quarterly

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Non-angry aggressive arousal and angriffsberietschaft: A narrative review of the phenomenology and physiology of proactive/offensive aggression motivation and escalation in people and other animals

Potegal¹,

Nordman²

2023

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Using machine learning to investigate consumers' emotions: the spillover effect of AI defeating people on consumers' attitudes toward AI companies

Ma,

Dai,

Deng

2023

INTR

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate consumers' emotional responses to artificial intelligence (AI) defeating people. Meanwhile, the authors investigate the negative spillover effect of AI defeating people on consumers' attitudes toward AI companies. The authors also try to alleviate this spillover effect.Design/methodology/approachUsing four studies to test the hypotheses. In Study 1, the authors use the fine-tuned Bidirectional Encoder Representations from the Transformers algorithm to run a sentiment analysis to investigate how AI defeating people influences consumers' emotions. In Studies 2 to 4, the authors test the effect of AI defeating people on consumers' attitudes, the mediating effect of negative emotions and the moderating effect of different intentions.FindingsThe authors find that AI defeating people increases consumers' negative emotions. In terms of downstream consequences, AI defeating people induces a spillover effect on consumers' unfavorable attitudes toward AI companies. Emphasizing the intention of helping people can effectively mitigate this negative spillover effect.Practical implicationsThe authors' findings remind governments, policymakers and AI companies to pay attention to the negative effect of AI defeating people and take reasonable steps to alleviate this negative effect. The authors help consumers rationally understand this phenomenon and correctly control and reduce unnecessary negative emotions in the AI era.Originality/valueThis paper is the first study to examine the adverse effects of AI defeating humans. The authors contribute to research on the dark side of AI, the outcomes of competition matches and the method to analyze emotions in user-generated content (UGC).

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Taking the fight out of people: Exploring how defeat modulates the automatic aggressive response to facial anger

Cited by 3 publications

References 57 publications

Emotional response to U.K. political party leader facial displays of affiliation, reward, and ambiguity during Brexit

Emotional response to U.K. political party leader facial displays of affiliation, reward, and ambiguity during Brexit

Non-angry aggressive arousal and angriffsberietschaft: A narrative review of the phenomenology and physiology of proactive/offensive aggression motivation and escalation in people and other animals

Using machine learning to investigate consumers' emotions: the spillover effect of AI defeating people on consumers' attitudes toward AI companies

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