This study aims to analyze the conceptual, theoretical, methodological and empirical literature published in the last five years on the multidimensional relationship between human talent management and organizational performance in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The analysis is based on the assumption that the management of human talent in a complex and uncertain environment of constant transformation and change requires a comprehensive approach that guarantees the competitiveness and excellence of the administrative and academic activities of higher education institutions (HEIs). This study examines the relationship between human talent management and organizational performance in higher education institutions and analyzes recent findings in the academic literature in the conceptual, theoretical, methodological, and empirical dimensions, under a comprehensive view of the variables that interact in the educational context.