Tannic acid modified antifreezing gelatin organohydrogel for low modulus, high toughness, and sensitive flexible strain sensor

Tannic acid: a versatile polyphenol for design of biomedical hydrogels

“…In addition to the mechanical reinforcement, TA is able to improve the flexibility and energy dissipation of hydrogel due to the formation of non-covalent interactions, which can easily recover the broken bonds after the deformation. 267 TA concentration is the determining factor for mechanical properties improvement. Although a critical concentration of TA and polymers is needed for the hydrogelation, a further increase of TA/polymers concentration from a certain point can lead to a decrease in mechanical properties due to the inhomogeneity of hydrogels coagulation during the mixing and fast gelation.…”

Multifunctional small biomolecules as key building blocks in the development of hydrogel-based strain sensors

“…44,45 Although natural polymers such as gelatin lack self-healing properties, [46][47][48][49][50] introducing TA facilitates excellent multifunctionality, including tunable mechanical strength and self-healing, in gelatin hydrogels. [51][52][53] Similarly, although alginate and chitosan (CS) are excellent natural polymers for hydrogel formation, they lack self-healing and adhesive capabilities in their native form. Inducing selfhealing and adhesive properties requires laborious and timeconsuming procedures, [20][21][22] which can impede the practical adoption of hydrogels for fabricating strain sensors.…”

“…16(b)). 51 Phytic acid (PA) PA contains a high phosphorus and carbon content, making it a biogenic and non-toxic compound. PA is naturally derived from oilseeds, legumes, cereals, nuts, fruits, vegetables, pollen, seeds, roots, and plant stems.…”

Synergistic Adenosine Triphosphate/Chitosan Bio-coatings on Polyurethane Foam for Simultaneously Improved Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression

“…14−16 This is because most naturally derived biomolecules exhibit excellent biodegradability and recyclability. 17 molecule in many papers on sensor systems. 18−20 Our group recently reported that ATP can behave as an "all-in-one" green FR because it contains three major components that can lead to intumescent char formation: three PO 4 3− groups that serve as an acid source, a five-carbon monosaccharide ribose sugar that promotes char formation, and a nucleobase with amine groups that act as a blowing agent.…”

“…Several biomolecules, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), proteins, and lignin, are of great interest as green FRs. − This is because most naturally derived biomolecules exhibit excellent biodegradability and recyclability . Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a well-known abundant biomolecule involved in energy transport and has appeared as a target molecule in many papers on sensor systems. − Our group recently reported that ATP can behave as an “all-in-one” green FR because it contains three major components that can lead to intumescent char formation: three PO 4 3– groups that serve as an acid source, a five-carbon monosaccharide ribose sugar that promotes char formation, and a nucleobase with amine groups that act as a blowing agent .…”