Tannin-Rich Carob Pod for the Treatment of Acute-Onset Diarrhea

Loeb, H; Vandenplas, Yvan; Würsch, P; Guesry, Pierre

doi:10.1097/00005176-198905000-00010

Cited by 62 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Natural polyphenols are abundant micronutrients in our diet and products rich in vegetable tannins, like herbal medications, have long been used to treat diarrhoea; [9,10] whilst there is plenty of evidence to support the antidiarrhoeal effect of medicinal plants found to be rich in tannins, there is little clinical evidence available so far to support its efficacy and safety in human patients [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gelatine Tannate for the Treatment of Acute Diarrhoea in Adults

Allegrini¹

2012

J Gastrointest Digest Sys

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Gelatine tannate has been recently licensed as a medical device for the treatment of acute diarrhoea. Gelatine tannate is thought to act locally on the gut wall by forming a protective protein-based film and allowing the precipitation of pro-inflammatory mucoproteins from the intestinal mucus responsible for local inflammation, and subsequently eliminated through the faeces. In order to assess safety and efficacy of gelatine tannate, one randomised, parallel, double-blinded and placebo-controlled study was conducted by general practitioners in 40 adult patients diagnosed with acute diarrhoea (test formulation: capsules containing 500 mg of gelatine tannate).Safety was evaluated by monitoring adverse events (frequency, intensity and relation of adverse events to the administered treatments), laboratory parameters and vital signs between the pre-and post-study visits (primary study endpoints). Efficacy was evaluated in terms of mean decrease of both the daily frequency of watery stools (Stool Decrease Index, SDI) and the severity of the abdominal pain assessed using a 100-mm visual analogue scale (Pain Decrease Index, PDI). Statistical analyses were performed according to the principles of intention-to-treat and perprotocol.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gelatine Tannate for the Treatment of Acute Diarrhoea in Adults

Allegrini¹

2012

J Gastrointest Digest Sys

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“…Ωστόσο, οι ταννίνες έχουν και θετικά αποτελέσματα που εξαρτώνται από τη βιολογική δραστικότητα τους, αφού έχουν τη δυνα τότητα να εμποδίζουν την ανάπτυξη μικροβίων (παθο γόνων ή μη βακτηρίων, μυκήτων και ζυμών) (Henis et al 1964, Sealbert 1991. Επιπλέον, οι ταννίνες των χαρουπιών έχουν χρησιμοποιηθεί για την καταστολή της διάρροιας σε νεογνά ανθρώπου (Loeb et al 1989). Οι καρποί της χαρουπιάς πρέπει να έχουν ωριμάσει πλήρως, προκειμένου να χρησιμοποιηθούν στη διατροφή των ζώων.…”

Section: β χημική σύστασηunclassified

“…Πειρα ματικά διαπιστώθηκε ότι τα χαρούπια παρουσιάζουν αντιδιαρροϊκές ιδιότητες (Loeb et al 1989). Πράγματι, σε πειραματισμό των Lizardo et al (2001) διαπιστώ θηκε ότι η προσθήκη χαρουπιών σε ποσοστό 6% στο σιτηρέσιο χοιριδίων είχε ως αποτέλεσμα τη μικρότερη συχνότητα εμφάνισης διάρροιας σε αυτά.…”

Section: στη διατροφή χοίρωνunclassified

Carobs in productive animal nutrition

Kotrotsios¹,

Christaki

Bonos

et al. 2017

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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The carob tree belongs to the nutrient plants and it is known since antiquity as a native plant of Greece. Its scientific name Ceratonia siliqua, originates from the Greek word "keraton" which means "horn", and which indicates the shape of its fruit. The carob tree is an evergreen, long-lived, polygamous, monoecious or dioecious. It is easily cultivated and thrives in all types of soil, except the humid and non-affluent. The wood, the bark and the leaves of carob have different uses. The fruit of the carob tree, the carob, is a lobe and it is 10-30 cm long and 2-3 cm wide with a brown and leathery exocarp and a fleshy and juicy mesocarp, in which 8 to 16 oval, flattened, hard and shiny reddish seeds are enclosed. The collection of the fruits must be finished before the winter rains. The fruits fall from the tree by themselves or by caning. A 6 years old carob tree can produce 2.25 kg carobs, while a 12 years old tree can produce 45 kg or more. The annual Greek carob production for the year 2005 was 14,816 tons, while the average yield was 9.8 kg/tree. The world carob production is about 315,000 tons/year. The carobs have low total fat and crude protein content, but high sugar content. The carobs' characteristic odor is due to their isobutyric acid content (1.3%). Furthermore, they include an unusually large amount of tannins, 16-20% of which are polyphenols and 27-50% of which are bound with cellulose. The tannins are a complex group of secondary metabolites of plants and are separated from other polyphenol compounds due to their ability to create sediment with proteins. The presence of tannin in feed reduces the nutrients' digestibility and has a negative effect on body weight gain. However, tannins can also have positive effects depending on their biological potency, because they have the ability to prevent bacterial, fungal and yeast growth. Carobs and their by-products have a considerable fibre content (average 8%) and therefore they can be included in supplementary ruminant rations up to 20% - 30%. Experiments carried out by adding carobs in broiler feeds resulted in decreased body weight gain and increased feed conversion ratio, probably because of the high cellulose and tannin content of the carob. Nevertheless, if the broiler's ration is enriched with fats or oils and synthetic amino acids, these birds show normal weight gain, but with a high feed conversion ratio. The carobs can be included up to 10% - 20% in the ration of pigs. Also, since the carobs have high sugar content, they can increase the feed consumption of the piglets and they can replace other sugar feeds with high sugar content (dextrose, starch, milk powder) without adversely affecting the feed intake. Greece produces a considerable quantity of carobs every year, therefore a part of this production could be utilized as animal feed

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“…The efficacy and safety of a similar product in the treatment of acute diarrhea in pediatric patients were studied by Loeb et al (11). The patients receiving the product containing tannate had a normalization of bowel movements, body temperature, and weight, and ceased to vomit much faster than those receiving placebo.…”

Section: Número De Deposiciones En Los Dos Grupos Al Inicio Y Al Finamentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative analysis of response to ORS (oral rehydration solution) vs. ORS + gelatin tannate in two cohorts of pediatric patients with acute diarrhea

Carretero¹,

Reguera²,

Álvarez³

et al. 2009

Rev. esp. enferm. dig.

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Aim: the study aims to observe the response to treatment with ORS only or ORS + gelatin tannate in two cohorts of pediatric patients with acute diarrhea, with the primary efficacy endpoint being the number of stools at 12 hours from baseline.Methods: children aged 3 months to 12 years were included in the study. Only children with acute diarrhea, more than 3 liquid stools, and duration inferior to 72 h were included. Number of stools was recorded as absolute number, categorized as ≤ 3 and ≥ 4 stools over 12 hours, and as a stool decrease index (SDI). Other clinical variables were recorded, including weight, fever, vomiting, stool characteristics, and signs of peritonitis/sepsis.Results: baseline characteristics for the two populations included a mean age of 2.3 years in the ORS group and 2.6 years in the ORS + gelatin tannate group. Children younger than 2 years represented 59.8 and 54.3% in the ORS and ORS + gelatin tannate groups, respectively. Clinical variables such as vomiting, dehydration, weigth, and stool decrease index were used to compare the two groups. We found a statistical significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.0001) --SDI for the ORS group was -0.1894; for the ORS + gelatin tannate group was -0.6023.Conclusions: we observed a significant decrease in the number of stools and an improvement in the consistency of stools in the ORS + gelatin tannate group. Other clinical variables such as vomiting, dehydration, weight, bloody stools, and peritonitis/sepsis signs showed no statistical differences between the two groups, but did show a general trend toward improvement. The Stool Decrease Index (SDI) showed a 18% decrease in the number of stools for the ORS group and 60% for the ORS + gelatin tannate group. The use of ORS + gelatin tannate was associated with a greater decrease in SDI. Gelatin tannate decreased the number of stools at twelve hours in children.

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Tannin-Rich Carob Pod for the Treatment of Acute-Onset Diarrhea

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Gelatine Tannate for the Treatment of Acute Diarrhoea in Adults

Gelatine Tannate for the Treatment of Acute Diarrhoea in Adults

Carobs in productive animal nutrition

A comparative analysis of response to ORS (oral rehydration solution) vs. ORS + gelatin tannate in two cohorts of pediatric patients with acute diarrhea

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