Tanning Wastewater Sterilization in the Dark and Sunlight Using Psidium guajava Leaf-Derived Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Characteristics

Abstract

Employing Psidium guajava (P. guajava) extract from leaves, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), likewise referred to as cupric oxide and renowned for their sustainable and harmless biogenesis, have the possibility of being useful for the purification of pollutants as well as for medicinal purposes. The current study examined the generated CuO NPs and their physical qualities by using ultraviolet–visible (UV) spectroscopy. The distinctive peak at 265 nm of the CuO NP production was originally seen. Additionally, an X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation was conducted to identify the crystalline arrangement of the produced CuO NPs, and a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy examination was performed to validate the functional compounds of the CuO NPs. Additionally, the synthesized nanoparticles’ catalytic activities (wastewater treatment) were analyzed in dark and sunlight modes. The catalytic properties of CuO NPs in total darkness resulted in 64.21% discoloration, whereas exposure to sunshine increased the nanomaterials′ catalyst performance to 92.31%. By lowering Cr­(VI), Ni, Pb, Co, and Cd in sewage by proportions of 91.4, 80.8, 68.26, 73.25, and 72.4% accordingly, the CuO NP demonstrated its effectiveness as a nanosorbent. Total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological demand for oxygen (BOD), and conductance were all successfully reduced by nanotreatment of tanning effluents, with proportion reductions of 93.24, 88.62, 94.21, 87.5, and 98.3%, correspondingly.

Mechanical and Thermal Characteristics of Coir Powder-Filled Epoxy Composites for Industrial Application

“…According to the DMA findings, the 2 wt.%, 6 wt.%, and 8 wt.% coir filler-packed polymers had higher E values over the range of temperatures. E decreases as temperature increases in all data samples because warming causes more segmentation motion in a polymerization [15]. The decrease in E as temperature rises indicates that the polymer substance has been mechanically relaxed.…”

A Brief Analysis of The Production of Building Materials Utilizing Waste-Based Reinforcements and Recycled Textiles

“…Various physical techniques are applied to fibers, including heat spike therapy, corona treatment, and a novel technique employing gamma rays. Fibrillation of the fibers through physical means of contact alteration leads to a structure with surface modifications and consequential mechanical alterations [53,54]. The reduction in the level of polymerization and an increase in carbonyl content served as indicators of structural changes in the cellulosic constituent during a study on the impact of chemical processing (using alkaline) and gamma rays on cotton fibers.…”

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Lawsonia inermis for Enhanced Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater Treatment

“…L. inermis comprises various biological molecules, making it a valuable source for several medications. Lawsoniasides, gallic acids, flavonoids, quinoids, chemical swaps, chemical compounds, and coumarins are a group of compounds, and polyphenol amino acids are among the main components of L. inermis [20].…”