Tantalum Particles Induced Cytotoxic and Inflammatory Effects in Human Monocytes

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the biological safety of tantalum (Ta) particles and to further explore the effects of Ta particles on human monocyte toxicity and inflammatory cytokine expression. Human monocyte leukemia (THP-1) cells were cultured with Ta and hydroxyapatite (HA) particles. Cell counting kit-8 method was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Ta and HA particles. The apoptosis effects were evaluated by flow cytometry, and the protein expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were evaluated by ELISA. The protein levels of inflammation-related signaling pathways including nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) were detected by western blotting. The cytotoxicity test showed that the toxicity level of Ta in vitro was grade l, which is within the clinically acceptable range. Compared with the HA control, Ta had no significant effect on THP-1 cell apoptosis, IL-6, and TNF-α release. The phosphorylated levels of NF-κB and ERK at 3 h in the Ta group were lower than those in the HA and control groups ( P < 0.001 both). These results reveal Ta particles behave good biosafety properties and provide some new insights for the future clinical use of Ta.

Micro‐nano porous structured tantalum‐coated dental implants promote osteogenic activity in vitro and enhance osseointegration in vivo

“…Few tantalum element detected in the surrounding bone tissue may also indirectly demonstrated the firmly bond of tantalum coating. Moreover, Ta 2 O 5 oxidized on the surface coatings could not only facilitate effective responses to the complex oral environment and unlike HA coating, reduce the risk of degradation and reabsorption of coatings, 26,27 but also support to further reduce cytotoxicity and secretion of inflammatory factors than HA did 15 …”

“…Moreover, Ta 2 O 5 oxidized on the surface coatings could not only facilitate effective responses to the complex oral environment and unlike HA coating, reduce the risk of degradation and reabsorption of coatings, 26,27 but also support to further reduce cytotoxicity and secretion of inflammatory factors than HA did. 15 An ideal implant surface depends not only on excellent mechanical properties, but also on biocompatibility and osteogenic potential.…”

“…Tantalum is emerging as a strong candidate for implant materials because of more feasible biocompatibility, better corrosion resistance, less cytotoxicity, and superior mechanical properties than HA 15–17 . Tantalum was studied in various forms of surface modifications such as nanotubular, nanocoral, nanodimple, tantalum coatings, tantalum alloys, and porous tantalum trabecular metal (PTTM) 18–23 .…”

“…Tantalum is emerging as a strong candidate for implant materials because of more feasible biocompatibility, better corrosion resistance, less cytotoxicity, and superior mechanical properties than HA. [15][16][17] Tantalum was studied in various forms of surface modifications such as nanotubular, nanocoral, nanodimple, tantalum coatings, tantalum alloys, and porous tantalum trabecular metal (PTTM). [18][19][20][21][22][23] Uslu et al 23 found that tantalum samples with different surface morphology, such as nanotubular, nanocoral and nanodimple, all enhanced bone cell proliferation at 5 days, while surfaces with nanodimple morphology showed the highest cellular spreading, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium mineral deposition among them.…”

Advances in surface modification of tantalum and porous tantalum for rapid osseointegration: A thematic review

“…The pTa-GNP hydrogel scaffolds were found to be biocompatible with the host and possessed biomechanical characteristics and angiogenicity. In addition, tantalum has been found to exert no harmful effects on L929 mammalian cells ( Wauthle et al, 2015 ), human monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1) ( Yang et al, 2021 ), gingival fibroblasts ( Zhang C.-n. et al, 2021 ), and fibroblasts ( Tran et al, 2017 ; Uslu et al, 2020 ), and enhanced the integration of soft tissues around implants. For a recent animal experiment, some researchers ( Lei et al, 2022 ) fabricated a new type of porous tantalum scaffold with high interfacial strength directly on solid Ti6Al4V substrate.…”