Taphonomy of Animal Bones: Species, Sex, Age and Breed Variability of Sheep, Cattle and Pig Bone Density

Ioannidou, Evangelia

doi:10.1006/jasc.2002.0847

Cited by 71 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For example, Lam et al [17] derived volume measures from sheep (18 months) younger than the sheep we used [27]. The extent of intrataxonomic variability in shapeadjusted bulk BMD values remains relatively unknown [18], although one recent study [14] investigated sex, age, and breed variables, but with data that did not incorporate ROI shape-adjustments. In addition, the revised sheep value for the FE4 ROI likely remains underestimated to a small degree since the medullary cavity has not been subtracted from the ROI volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several studies [2,6,7,9,10,14,[16][17][18]20,21,25,36] incorporate PD technology. However, as widely recognized in these studies, this approach is biased in that non-destructive calculation of the denominator (volume, cm 3 ) in bulk BMD values remains inaccurate since at the very least internal spaces such as the medullary cavity cannot be subtracted from ROIs [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shape-adjusted bone mineral density measurements in baboons: other factors explain primate skeletal element representation at Swartkrans

Carlson¹,

Pickering²

2004

Journal of Archaeological Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape-adjusted bone mineral density measurements in baboons: other factors explain primate skeletal element representation at Swartkrans

Carlson¹,

Pickering²

2004

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…Because juvenile bones and deciduous teeth are more susceptible to carnivore ravaging, compaction, fragmentation, and soil leaching than adult specimens, (e.g. Hulbert, 1982;Ioannidou, 2003;Klein & Cruz-Uribe, 1984;Kurtén, 1953;Lyman, 1994;Munson & Garniewicz, 2003), it is important to consider all of the factors influencing mortality profiles of a archaeological assemblage before making interpretations about ancient human behaviour. These factors include hunting choices made by ancient humans; scavenging by ancient humans; The circles approximate the 95% confidence intervals around the points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in mortality profiles of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Middle Palaeolithic assemblages from western Europe

Steele

2004

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Prey age‐at‐death is often used to assess hunting strategies, but the age profiles of animals represented in Middle Palaeolithic ungulate assemblages vary through time and across space. Understanding this diversity is important for reconstructing human behavioural evolution. To explore this issue, I studied one species, red deer (Cervus elaphus), in late Acheulean and Middle Palaeolithic assemblages from France (Combe‐Grenal, Lazaret, and Piégu) and northern Spain (Gabasa 1 and Labeko Koba). I reconstructed age distributions using three methods: histograms, boxplots of median crown heights, and modified triangular plots, and two tooth combinations: dp4/p4 and dp4/m1. Two modern samples served as comparative baselines: a sample of C. elaphus killed by modern hunters in western Montana, USA and a sample of C. elaphus hunted by wolves reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. The mortality distributions of the modern samples differ dramatically. The wolf‐hunted sample contains more juvenile and old individuals, while the human‐hunted sample has more young adults. The fossil age structures fall into two clusters: 1) Gabasa 1 and Labeko Koba with a high proportion of juvenile red deer and few prime‐aged adults, and 2) Combe‐Grenal, Lazaret, and Piégu with equal abundances of juvenile and prime‐aged red deer. I consider possible explanations for this pattern. More sites and more detailed analyses are needed to determine conclusively that the difference is related ancient human behaviour and not other pre‐ and post‐depositional processes. However, the assemblage from Gabasa Cave is important for demonstrating that deciduous teeth can be well preserved in the Late Pleistocene fossil record. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Shape-adjusted density data have been available only for the past several years. Recently published density data sets continue to vary tremendously, incorporating the entire range of methodologies from Class A to Class D. 33,35,36,40,44 Such disparate data invariably affect the perception of which elements or portions thereof are the most dense and most likely to survive destructive processes.…”

Section: Classmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone density studies and the interpretation of the faunal record

Lam

Pearson

2005

Evolutionary Anthropology

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Some bones preserve better than others. For decades, researchers have attempted to quantify this observation. While many of their intrinsic qualities are known to affect how well bones preserve in the archeological record,1 the variable that has received the most attention to date is bone density.2–6 This has become the most commonly accepted proxy measure of a bone's ability to withstand destructive forces.

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Taphonomy of Animal Bones: Species, Sex, Age and Breed Variability of Sheep, Cattle and Pig Bone Density

Cited by 71 publications

References 20 publications

Shape-adjusted bone mineral density measurements in baboons: other factors explain primate skeletal element representation at Swartkrans

Shape-adjusted bone mineral density measurements in baboons: other factors explain primate skeletal element representation at Swartkrans

Variation in mortality profiles of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Middle Palaeolithic assemblages from western Europe

Bone density studies and the interpretation of the faunal record

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