Tar and Pitch

Collin, Gerd; Höke, Hartmut

doi:10.1002/14356007.a26_091

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In order to get insight into the mechanism of heterocyclic N-oxidation and identify the source of the oxygen atom incorporated into PY, experiments with 18 O-labeled hydrogen peroxide (H 2 18 O 2 ) were performed and the reaction product, PY N-oxide, was analyzed by an LC-MS method. The peak of PY N-oxide in the HPLC elution profile (Fig.…”

Section: Origin Of Oxygen In Aap-catalyzed Py N-oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1]. In addition, numerous man‐made N ‐heteroaromatics, mainly produced at industrial scale from coal tar [2], are used as solvents, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes or explosives, and thus are released in large amounts to the environment. Their microbial degradation and transformation was subject of comprehensive studies and shown to occur both under aerobic and anaerobic conditions [1,3–6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pyridine as novel substrate for regioselective oxygenation with aromatic peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita

et al. 2008

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Agrocybe aegerita peroxidase (AaP) is a versatile extracellular biocatalyst that can oxygenate aromatic compounds. Here, we report on the selective oxidation of pyridine (PY) yielding pyridine N-oxide as sole product. Using H 2 18 O 2 as co-substrate, the origin of oxygen was confirmed to be the peroxide. Therefore, AaP can be regarded as a true peroxygenase transferring one oxygen atom from peroxide to the substrate. To our best knowledge, there are only two types of enzymes oxidizing PY at the nitrogen: bacterial methane monooxygenase and a few P450 monooxygenases. AaP is the first extracellular enzyme and the first peroxidase that catalyzes this reaction, and it converted also substituted PYs into the corresponding N-oxides.

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Section: Origin Of Oxygen In Aap-catalyzed Py N-oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyridine as novel substrate for regioselective oxygenation with aromatic peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita

et al. 2008

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“…This substitution makes NSO‐HETs more water‐soluble and thus mobile compared with their homocyclic analogues (Blotevogel et al ), resulting in long plumes of contamination in groundwater at contaminated sites (Zamfirescu and Grathwohl ) and a substantial risk of contaminating drinking water resources (Kuhn and Suflita ; Meyer ). Particularly high concentrations are found at sites contaminated with tar oil (Brack and Schirmer ; Rasmussen and Olsena ; Tiehm et al ; Blum et al ), a complex mixture of roughly 10 000 chemicals (Collin and Höke ), approximately 85% of which are PAHs and 5 to 13% NSO‐HETs (Meyer ). Also, NSO‐HETs have been detected at sites contaminated with crude oil and petrochemical products (Mundt and Hollender ), coke manufacturing sites, gasworks, and wood impregnation plants (Kohler et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicity of Nitrogen, Sulfur, or Oxygen Heterocycles and Short‐Chained Alkyl Phenols Commonly Detected in Contaminated Groundwater

Brinkmann

Schneider

Bluhm

et al. 2019

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NSO‐HETs) and short‐chained alkyl phenols (SCAPs) are commonly detected in groundwater at contaminated sites and in the surrounding environment. It is now scientific consensus that these chemicals pose a risk to human and ecosystem health. However, toxicity data are comparably fragmentary, and only few studies have addressed the ecotoxicity of NSO‐HETs and SCAPs in a systematic and comparative fashion. To overcome this shortcoming, we tested 18 SCAPs, 16 NSO‐HETs, as well as the homocyclic hydrocarbons indane and indene in the Microtox® assay with Aliivibrio fischeri, the growth inhibition test with Desmodesmus subspicatus, the acute immobilization assay with Daphnia magna, as well as the fish embryo toxicity test with embryos of the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Because of the physicochemical properties of the tested chemicals (limited water solubility, volatility, and sorption to test vessels), actual exposure concentrations in test media and their dissipation over time were analytically quantified by means of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Analytically corrected effect levels (median effect and lethal concentrations) ranged from 0.017 to 180 mg L–1, underlining the environmental relevance of some NSO‐HETs and SCAPs. Para‐substituted phenols showed the overall greatest toxicities in all 4 toxicity tests. We provide, for the first time, a complete high‐quality data set in support of better environmental risk assessments of these chemicals. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1343–1355. © 2019 SETAC

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Tar and Pitch

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Pyridine as novel substrate for regioselective oxygenation with aromatic peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita

Pyridine as novel substrate for regioselective oxygenation with aromatic peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita

Ecotoxicity of Nitrogen, Sulfur, or Oxygen Heterocycles and Short‐Chained Alkyl Phenols Commonly Detected in Contaminated Groundwater

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