Tardigrades of Hardin County, Iowa: Seven New Records from Iowa, USA

Tibbs‐Cortes, Laura E.; Cortes, Bienvenido W.; Miller, William R.

doi:10.1660/062.123.0117

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…burgessi Schlabach, Donaldson, Hobelman, Miller, and Lowman, 2018; Mil. swansoni Young, Chappell, Miller, and Lowman, 2016; and P. tonollii (Ramazzotti, 1956), as well as members of Milnesium Doyère, 1840; Ramazzottius Binda and Pilato, 1986; Paramacrobiotus Guidetti, Schill, Bertolani, Dandekar and Wolf, 2009; and Macrobiotidae Thulin, 1928 not identifiable to species ( Tibbs-Cortes et al, 2020 ). While tardigrade communities are dynamic across both time ( Schuster and Greven, 2007 , 2013 ) and space ( Meyer, 2006 , 2008 ), the dominant species present in tardigrade communities in a given area can remain remarkably stable across years ( Nelson and McGlothlin, 1996 ; Schuster and Greven, 2007 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summer 2019, lichen samples were collected from apple trees growing in six orchards (Locations 1–6) in Hardin and Franklin counties in north-central Iowa, United States ( Supplementary Figures S1 , S2 ). One of these (Location 1) had previously been surveyed for tardigrades ( Tibbs-Cortes et al, 2020 ). One sample of lichen was collected from each tree, and three to five trees were sampled at each location.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tardigrade Community Microbiomes in North American Orchards Include Putative Endosymbionts and Plant Pathogens

2022

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The microbiome of tardigrades, a phylum of microscopic animals best known for their ability to survive extreme conditions, is poorly studied worldwide and completely unknown in North America. An improved understanding of tardigrade-associated bacteria is particularly important because tardigrades have been shown to act as vectors of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris in the laboratory. However, the potential role of tardigrades as reservoirs and vectors of phytopathogens has not been investigated further. This study analyzed the microbiota of tardigrades from six apple orchards in central Iowa, United States, and is the first analysis of the microbiota of North American tardigrades. It is also the first ever study of the tardigrade microbiome in an agricultural setting. We utilized 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to characterize the tardigrade community microbiome across four contrasts: location, substrate type (moss or lichen), collection year, and tardigrades vs. their substrate. Alpha diversity of the tardigrade community microbiome differed significantly by location and year of collection but not by substrate type. Our work also corroborated earlier findings, demonstrating that tardigrades harbor a distinct microbiota from their environment. We also identified tardigrade-associated taxa that belong to genera known to contain phytopathogens (Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, and the Pantoea/Erwinia complex). Finally, we observed members of the genera Rickettsia and Wolbachia in the tardigrade microbiome; because these are obligate intracellular genera, we consider these taxa to be putative endosymbionts of tardigrades. These results suggest the presence of putative endosymbionts and phytopathogens in the microbiota of wild tardigrades in North America.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tardigrade Community Microbiomes in North American Orchards Include Putative Endosymbionts and Plant Pathogens

2022

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“…burgessi Schlabach, Donaldson, Hobelman, Miller, and Lowman, 2018;Mil. swansoni Young, Chappell, Miller, and Lowman, 2016;and P. tonollii (Ramazzotti, 1956), as well as members of Milnesium Doyère, 1840; Ramazzottius Binda and Pilato, 1986;Paramacrobiotus Guidetti, Schill, Bertolani, Dandekar and Wolf, 2009;and Macrobiotidae Thulin, 1928 not identifiable to species (Tibbs-Cortes et al, 2020). While tardigrade communities are dynamic across both time Greven, 2007, 2013) and space (Meyer, 2006(Meyer, , 2008, the dominant species present in tardigrade communities in a given area can remain remarkably stable across years (Nelson and McGlothlin, 1996;Schuster and Greven, 2007).…”

Section: Tardigrade Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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“…In summer 2019, lichen samples were collected from apple trees growing in six orchards (Locations 1-6) in Hardin and Franklin counties in north-central Iowa, United States (Supplementary Figures S1, S2). One of these (Location 1) had previously been surveyed for tardigrades (Tibbs-Cortes et al, 2020). One sample of lichen was collected from each tree, and three to five trees were sampled at each location.…”

Section: Moss and Lichen Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…burgessi Schlabach, Donaldson, Hobelman, Miller, and Lowman, 2018;Mil. swansoni Young, Chappell, Miller, and Lowman, 2016;and P. tonollii (Ramazzotti, 1956), as well as members of Milnesium Doyère, 1840; Ramazzottius Binda and Pilato, 1986;Paramacrobiotus Guidetti, Schill, Bertolani, Dandekar and Wolf, 2009;and Macrobiotidae Thulin, 1928 not identifiable to species (Tibbs-Cortes et al, 2020). While tardigrade communities are dynamic across both time Greven, 2007, 2013) and space (Meyer, 2006(Meyer, , 2008, the dominant species present in tardigrade communities in a given area can remain remarkably stable across years (Nelson and McGlothlin, 1996;Schuster and Greven, 2007).…”

Section: Tardigrade Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tardigrades of Hardin County, Iowa: Seven New Records from Iowa, USA

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Tardigrade Community Microbiomes in North American Orchards Include Putative Endosymbionts and Plant Pathogens

Tardigrade Community Microbiomes in North American Orchards Include Putative Endosymbionts and Plant Pathogens

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Table_3.XLSX

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