“…In particular, activation of KARs localized on glutamatergic mossy fibers (MFs), the axons of dentate gyrus granule cells, enhances glutamate release particularly during frequency-dependent facilitation, a form of short-term plasticity characteristic of MF-CA3 synapses (Contractor et al, 2001;Lauri et al, 2001a;Schmitz et al, 2001) (but see Kwon and Castillo, 2008). This effect has been attributed to kainate-induced depolarization of presynaptic boutons or axon terminals (Lauri et al, 2001b;Kamiya et al, 2002;Nicoll and Schmitz, 2005) and the release of calcium from local stores (Scott et al, 2008). Interestingly, KARs are present also on presynaptic GABAergic terminals, where they exert either a facilitatory (Mulle et al, 2000;Cossart et al, 2001) or a depressant (Clarke et al, 1997;Rodríguez-Moreno et al, 1997;Rodríguez-Moreno and Lerma, 1998;Maingret et al, 2005) effect on GABA release.…”