Target organ involvement in hypertensive patients in Eastern Sudan

Aa, Hussain; Ag, Elzubier; Ahmed, M-Elbagir K

doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000719

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Similarly, Cui et al, Ayodele et al, Addo et al, and Hussain et al, found that older age was a risk factor for end organ damage in hypertension. 14,16,21,23 In present study there was no association between gender and EOD (p= 0.43). Similar findings were reported in a Nigerian study by Ayodele et al, in treated hypertensives.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Study of essential hypertension with special reference to end organ damage in adults

Ramya

Lakshmi

2018

Int J Adv Med

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Background: Hypertension, a major public health concern, affecting 20-25% of the adult population. It is the major risk factor for diseases involving Cardio Vascular (CV) and renalsystem. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that high Blood Pressure (BP) causes 1 in every 8 deaths, making hypertension the third leading killer in the world. The recent emerging trend in the treatment of hypertension is not only based on the pragmatic need to lower BP levels, but also on lowering the CV risk profile, which is largely linked to the presence of the end organ damage.Methods: One hundred patients with hypertension are recruited in this study. The ethics committee of Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada approved this study and all the participants provided informed consent for all the procedures in the study protocol.Results: Majority of the patients (40%) with EOD have hypertension of >10 years duration. The relative frequency of various end organ damages (CVS: 34%, CNS: 17%, kidney: 12% and eye: 10%) is also high in patients with hypertension of >10 years duration.Conclusions: A significant proportion of hypertensive subjects had documented associated EOD, with LVH being the most prevalent EOD. The above findings emphasize the important role of the primary care clinicians to the early detection, treatment and control of high blood pressure that might help to reducing overall cardiovascular risk.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Study of essential hypertension with special reference to end organ damage in adults

Ramya

Lakshmi

2018

Int J Adv Med

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“…This perhaps, only reflects the population/gender distribution of the workers in IITA as previous reports have found female preponderance in keeping with the notion that hypertension is more common in females in middle age (3,5). Whereas some studies have noted that younger hypertensive patients are more likely to miss there medications leading to poor control(6,7), our findings here suggest otherwise, as the mean age of patients who were fully controlled in this study was significantly lower than those that were not controlled at all.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and a leading cause of stroke, heart and kidney disease even in the developed world (1,2). Analysis of levels of blood pressure control has shown that optimal blood pressure control ranged between 21% and 53% in some studies (3). These figures were mostly from studies where patients procure drugs by themselves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood pressure control in a population where antihypertensives are given free

Ajose²,

Lawani³

2004

E Af Med Jrnl

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Background: Analysis of blood pressure control has shown that optimal blood pressure control is generally low in many studies. Poor adherence to therapeutic plans and noncompliance are perhaps the most important factors responsible for poor control. In most cases poverty has been adduced to be responsible for non-compliance especially in the sub-Saharan Africa. Assessment of blood pressure control in situations where antihypertensives are given free is necessary. Objectives: To assess blood pressure control in a population where antihypertensives are given free. Setting: International institute for tropical Agriculture (IITA).Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: One hundred and forty three consecutive hypertensive subjects (106 males and 37 females) being followed-up in the medical clinic of the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) for variable numbers of years were studied. Blood pressure was considered to be well controlled if it was less than 140/90 mmHg and uncontrolled if higher than 140/90mmHg. Results: About 51(36%) of the subjects may be described as being fully controlled on the treatment instituted while 54(38%) of the subjects were not controlled at all. In about 18% of the patients, the systolic blood pressure alone was controlled while in 8% the diastolic blood pressure alone was controlled. Main Outcome measures: Level of blood pressure control in this study is poor suggesting that availability of free drug alone is not enough to improve adherence to antihypertensives. Conclusion: The percentage of hypertensive patients with optimal blood pressure control in this population is low, although this was higher when compared to a report from a similar study where drugs were not given free to patients. Physicians managing hypertension in such establishments should pay attention to adequate dosing and appropriate combination of drugs.

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“…Lack of awareness is very significant in the prevalence of HTN and uncontrolled high BP 10,16. More attention must be given to HTN as it is a common risk factor for stroke29 and kidney disease,30 which are recognised to be rapidly increasing in Sudan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of hypertension and factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension in Sudanese adults : cardiovascular topic

Babiker¹,

Elkhalifa²,

Moukhyer³

2013

CVJA

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BackgroundThe incidence of hypertension (HTN) has increased rapidly in the Sudan in the last few years. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of uncontrolled HTN and the risk factors associated with it in Sudanese adults.MethodsThis study was cross sectional. Data were collected using structured questionnaires filled in during interviews with subjects visiting referral clinics in Khartoum, the capital city of Sudan. Blood pressure (BP) was measured using a digital sphygmomanometer. A digital balance was used for determination of body weight and a traditional cloth tape measure was used for measuring height, for calculation of body mass index.ResultsThis study included 200 subjects, 46% male and 54% female. In the whole study, 82% of subjects (p < 0.001) were on hypertension drug treatment. Of these, 64% had their BP controlled to normal standards set by the World Health Organistion (< 140/90 mmHg). The prevalence of uncontrolled BP was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in males (61%) compared to females (15%). When the risk factors of HTN were considered, 54% of the subjects had a positive family history of HTN and 52% were smokers. Uncontrolled BP was found to be significantly (p < 0.001) higher in smoking males (43%) compared to females (4%). It was also high in people with higher education (55%) and workers (41%). In these groups, when genders were considered separately, uncontrolled hypertension was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in males than females with higher education (67 and 40%, respectively), and in workers (86 and 10%, respectively). Uncontrolled HTN was associated with overweight and obesity in 45 and 29% of the subjects, respectively. Most of the interviewed subjects were not aware of the consequences of HTN and its associated risk factors.ConclusionsUncontrolled HTN was associated with risk factors of HTN and lifestyle, and was more prominent in the male gender. The ignorance of the interviewed subjects about HTN, its associated risk factors, changes in lifestyle and adherence to taking the medication may have been a major factor in the prevalence of uncontrolled HTN.

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Target organ involvement in hypertensive patients in Eastern Sudan

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Study of essential hypertension with special reference to end organ damage in adults

Study of essential hypertension with special reference to end organ damage in adults

Blood pressure control in a population where antihypertensives are given free

Awareness of hypertension and factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension in Sudanese adults : cardiovascular topic

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