Target organs in chronic bioassays of 533 chemical carcinogens.

Gold, Lois Swirsky; Slone, Thomas H.; Manley, Neela B.; Bernstein, Leslie

doi:10.1289/ehp.9193233

Cited by 112 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This inhibition leads to the accumulation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in nerves which interferes with muscular activities and the functioning of vital organs, produces serious symptoms, and may even lead to death [13,14]. Target site of other various pesticides are-human erythrocytes [15], reproduction and development system [16], endocrine system [17], liver, central nervous system, and immune system [18,19], etc. Thus, the analysis of pesticide residues is an important concern due to their bioaccumulation effect, high toxicity and their long-term damage risk to both the environment and lives even though their concentration is very low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steep increase in the incidences of cancer, chronic kidney diseases, suppression of the immune system, sterility among males and females, endocrine disorders, neurological and [57] Reproductive system [58] Immune system [59] Hexachlorohexane Immune system [60] Liver [57] Blood dyscrasias anemia [61] Reproductive system [62] Organophosphates Chlorpyrifos Immune system [63] AChE activity in developing fetus [64] Mammalian cell cultures [65] Neurodevelopmental disorders [66] Methyl parathion Neurotoxic effects (CNS) [21,67,68] Malathion Reproductive system [69] AChE activity [70] Lipid peroxidation [71] Genotoxic effects [72] Pyrethroids Allethrin, Permethrin Neurotoxic effects and NA + -K + ions channels [73,74] Carbamates DDT dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, AChE acetylcholinesterase, CNS central nervous system, MCPA 4-chloro-2-methyl phenoxyacetic acid, MCPP 2-(4-chloro-2 methylphenoxy) propionic acid, 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid behavioral disorders, especially among children, have been attributed to chronic organophosphate pesticide poisoning [83]. As mentioned earlier, organophosphorus compounds halt the activity of enzyme acetylcholinesterase by changing its structure and function.…”

Section: Pesticides-introduction and Threatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biosensor Technology for Pesticides—A review

Verma

Bhardwaj

2015

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

248

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pesticides, due to their lucrative outcomes, are majorly implicated in agricultural fields for crop production enhancement. Due to their pest removal properties, pesticides of various classes have been designed to persist in the environment over a longer duration after their application to achieve maximum effectiveness. Apart from their recalcitrant structure and agricultural benefits, pesticides also impose acute toxicological effects onto the other various life forms. Their accumulation in the living system may prove to be detrimental if established in higher concentrations. Thus, their prompt and accurate analysis is a crucial matter of concern. Conventional techniques like chromatographic techniques (HPLC, GC, etc.) used for pesticides detection are associated with various limitations like stumpy sensitivity and efficiency, time consumption, laboriousity, requirement of expensive equipments and highly trained technicians, and many more. So there is a need to recruit the methods which can detect these neurotoxic compounds sensitively, selectively, rapidly, and easily in the field. Present work is a brief review of the pesticide effects, their current usage scenario, permissible limits in various food stuffs and 21st century advancements of biosensor technology for pesticide detection. Due to their exceptional performance capabilities, easiness in operation and on-site working, numerous biosensors have been developed for bio-monitoring of various environmental samples for pesticide evaluation immensely throughout the globe. Till date, based on sensing element (enzyme based, antibody based, etc.) and type of detection method used (Electrochemical, optical, and piezoelectric, etc.), a number of biosensors have been developed for pesticide detection. In present communication, authors have summarized 21st century's approaches of biosensor technology for pesticide detection such as enzyme-based biosensors, immunosensors, aptamers, molecularly imprinted polymers, and biochips technology. Also, the major technological advancements of nanotechnology in the field of biosensor technology are discussed. Various biosensors mentioned in manuscript are found to exhibit storage stability of biocomponent ranging from 30-60 days, detection limit of 10(-6) - 10(-16) M, response time of 1-20 min and applications of developed biosensors in environmental samples (water, food, vegetables, milk, and juice samples, etc.) are also discussed. Researchers all over the globe are working towards the development of different biosensing techniques based on contrast approaches for the detection of pesticides in various environmental samples.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pesticides-introduction and Threatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosensor Technology for Pesticides—A review

Verma

Bhardwaj

2015

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

248

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is particularly true for the B6C3F1 mouse, which is the standard mouse model in the US National Toxicology Program and in numerous other testing facilities. Assessments of the National Toxicology Program data revealed the mouse liver as the primary target site for carcinogenesis of more than 200 chemicals (Gold et al 1991;Selkirk and Soward 1993;Ward et al 1996;Gold and Zeiger 1997). However, the validity of the mouse-liver tumor response in assessing potential human health hazards is subject to debate, because mouse-liver cancer susceptibility differs dramatically with the genetic background: The B6C3F1 mouse is a hybrid between a highly susceptible strain, paternal C3H/He, and a resistant strain, maternal C57BL/6J, and shows an intermediate cancer susceptibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of isolated hepatocytes from carcinogen sensitive (C3H) and insensitive (C57BL) mice to signals inducing replication or apoptosis

Parzefall

Kainzbauer

Qin

et al. 2002

Archives of Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mouse strain C3H shows high incidence of liver tumors in carcinogenicity testing, while the strain C57BL exhibits low incidence. The F1 generation hybrids, B6C3F1, which are widely used in long-term carcinogenesis bioassays, are of intermediate sensitivity. We asked whether this strain difference could be due to different susceptibility of the parenchymal cells to signals inducing replication or apoptosis. Hepatocytes were isolated and cultured according to standard protocols. We tested (1) for the induction of DNA synthesis by epidermal growth factor (EGF), (2) for its inhibition by TGF-beta1, and (3) for the induction of apoptosis by TGF-beta1. Basal rates of DNA synthesis in untreated hepatocytes cultured from C3H and B6C3F1 mice were 6.5 and 3.5 times higher, respectively, than in hepatocytes from C57BL on day 3. Moreover, addition of EGF (10 ng/ml) increased DNA synthesis on day 3 in hepatocytes from C3H (4.2-fold) and B6C3F1 (2.7-fold) more strongly than in hepatocytes from C57BL. Treatment with TGF-beta1 inhibited basal and EGF-stimulated DNA synthesis dose-dependently. Inhibition was maximal at 1 ng TGF-beta1/ml in cultures from C57BL mice, and at 0.3 ng/ml in hepatocytes from C3H mice. In untreated hepatocytes from both strains virtually no apoptotic figures (condensed or fragmented nuclei, Hoechst 33285 staining) were found. After treatment with TGF-beta1 the incidence of apoptotic nuclei in hepatocytes from C57BL was higher than in cells from C3H mice (1.7% vs 3% on day 3). Thus it appears that hepatocytes from C57BL mice possess a lower growth potential, as indicated by a low basal rate of DNA synthesis and low inducibility by EGF, but a higher sensitivity to induction of apoptosis by TGF-beta1 than hepatocytes of the C3H strain. These findings may be helpful to explain the different susceptibility to induction of hepatocarcinogenesis in C3H and C57BL mice.

show abstract

“…The reason for the long-term program described here (initiated in 1961) was the lack of information on susceptibility of nonhuman primates to suspected human carcinogens and established rodent carcinogens. 2) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical carcinogenesis studies in nonhuman primates

Takayama

Thorgeirsson²,

Adamson³

2008

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Ser. B: Physical and Biologic

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review covers chemical carcinogenesis studies in nonhuman primates performed by the National Cancer Institute, USA, to provide hitherto unavailable information on their susceptibility to compounds producing carcinogenic effects in rodents. From autopsy records of 401 breeders and untreated controls, incidences of spontaneous malignant tumors were found to be relatively low in cynomolgus (1.9%) and rhesus monkeys (3.8%), but higher in African green monkeys (8%). Various chemical compounds, and in particular 6 antineoplastic agents, 13 food-related compounds including additives and contaminants, 1 pesticide, 5 N-nitroso compounds, 3 heterocyclic amines, and 7 ''classical'' rodent carcinogens, were tested during the 34 years period, generally at doses 10$40 times the estimated human exposure. Results were inconclusive in many cases but unequivocal carcinogenicity was demonstrated for IQ, procarbazine, methylnitrosourea and diethylnitrosamine. Furthermore, negative findings for saccharine and cyclamate were in line with results in other species. Thus susceptibility to carcinogens is at least partly shared by nonhuman primates and rodents.

show abstract

Target organs in chronic bioassays of 533 chemical carcinogens.

Cited by 112 publications

References 9 publications

Biosensor Technology for Pesticides—A review

Biosensor Technology for Pesticides—A review

Response of isolated hepatocytes from carcinogen sensitive (C3H) and insensitive (C57BL) mice to signals inducing replication or apoptosis

Chemical carcinogenesis studies in nonhuman primates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About