Targeted Immunotherapy for Autoimmune Disease

Jung, Seung Min; Kim, Wan‐Uk

doi:10.4110/in.2022.22.e9

Cited by 93 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…Autoimmune diseases are a series of diseases caused by the immune system’s immune response to self-antigens, leading to self-tissue damage or dysfunction ( 69 , 70 ). Many autoimmune diseases are characterized by the production of autoantibodies that bind to the host’s own proteins or form immune complexes that deposit in tissues ( 71 , 72 ). Any organ may become a target organ of autoimmunity, including skin, joints, kidneys, blood vessels, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the Treatment of 10 Types of Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 31 Randomized Controlled Trials

Zeng

Yang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.MethodsDatabases such as Embase, Web of Science, PubMed and The Cochrane Library were searched from the database establishment to February 2022 to collect RCTs of Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Then the literature was screened and the data were extracted. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 34 records were included, involving 31 RCTs and 10 types of autoimmune disease. Among them, ankylosing spondylitis (AS) involves one RCT, Behcet ‘s disease (BD) involves one RCT, Crohn ‘s disease involves two RCTs, multiple sclerosis (MS) involves two RCTs, oral lichen planus involves six RCTs, psoriasis involves two RCTs, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves five RCTs, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) involves two RCTs, arteritis involves one RCT, ulcerative colitis (UC) involves nine RCTs. Among them, most of the RCTs of ulcerative colitis (UC), oral lichen planus, RA showed that curcumin and curcumin extracts improved clinical or laboratory results. Crohn ‘ s disease, MS, SLE, psoriasis included two RCTs; they all showed improvements (at least one RCT reported improvements in clinical outcomes). AS, BD and arteritis included only one RCT, and the clinical results showed improvement. However, due to the small number of RCTs and the small number of patients involved in each disease, there is still a need for more high-quality RCTs.ConclusionCurcumin and Curcuma longa Extract had good clinical efficacy in the treatment of Psoriasis, UC and RA, so Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract could be used in the treatment of the above diseases in the future. The results of Meta-analysis showed that Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract did not show efficacy in the treatment of oral lichen planus, while Takayasu arteritis, SLE, MS, AS, BD and CD did not report sufficient clinical data for meta-analysis. Therefore, large-sample, multi-center clinical trials are still needed for revision or validation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the Treatment of 10 Types of Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 31 Randomized Controlled Trials

Zeng

Yang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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“…Furthermore, autoimmunity may happen not only due to the dysregulation of the adaptive immune system, but also to the innate immune system [ 11 ]. The progress of autoimmune diseases can be caused by environmental factors (e.g., stress, infection, drugs, sugar and fat consumption, smoking) in genetically predisposed individuals, where the proinflammatory functions of innate immunity are stimulated and the pathological response of adaptive immunity is induced [ 12 ].…”

Section: Linking Inflammation To Autoimmunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clinical manifestations of autoimmunity can be diverse, varying according to the disease and the affected body part ( Figure 1 ), from asymptomatic conditions in the presence of autoantibodies to fulminant autoimmune diseases that cause life-threatening organ damage [ 11 ], and even mortality.…”

Section: Linking Inflammation To Autoimmunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“Listen to Your Immune System When It’s Calling for You”: Monitoring Autoimmune Diseases Using the iShU App

Ortet

Costa

2022

Sensors

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The immune system plays a key role in protecting living beings against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, among other pathogens, which may be harmful and represent a threat to our own health. However, for reasons that are not fully understood, in some people this protective mechanism accidentally attacks the organs and tissues, thus causing inflammation and leads to the development of autoimmune diseases. Remote monitoring of human health involves the use of sensor network technology as a means of capturing patient data, and wearable devices, such as smartwatches, have lately been considered good collectors of biofeedback data, owing to their easy connectivity with a mHealth system. Moreover, the use of gamification may encourage the frequent usage of such devices and behavior changes to improve self-care for autoimmune diseases. This study reports on the use of wearable sensors for inflammation surveillance and autoimmune disease management based on a literature search and evaluation of an app prototype with fifteen stakeholders, in which eight participants were diagnosed with autoimmune or inflammatory diseases and four were healthcare professionals. Of these, six were experts in human–computer interaction to assess critical aspects of user experience. The developed prototype allows the monitoring of autoimmune diseases in pre-, during-, and post-inflammatory crises, meeting the personal needs of people with this health condition. The findings suggest that the proposed prototype—iShU—achieves its purpose and the overall experience may serve as a foundation for designing inflammation surveillance and autoimmune disease management monitoring solutions.

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“…Most of the current treatments for AIDs use non-selective immunosuppressive agents. Although these therapies successfully control the disease process, patients inevitably suffer from various side effects, particularly an increased risk of infection (2). Investigating the pathogenesis of AIDs is crucial for developing novel selective immunotherapies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycolysis in Innate Immune Cells Contributes to Autoimmunity

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) refer to connective tissue inflammation caused by aberrant autoantibodies resulting from dysfunctional immune surveillance. Most of the current treatments for AIDs use non-selective immunosuppressive agents. Although these therapies successfully control the disease process, patients experience significant side effects, particularly an increased risk of infection. There is a great need to study the pathogenesis of AIDs to facilitate the development of selective inhibitors for inflammatory signaling to overcome the limitations of traditional therapies. Immune cells alter their predominant metabolic profile from mitochondrial respiration to glycolysis in AIDs. This metabolic reprogramming, known to occur in adaptive immune cells, i.e., B and T lymphocytes, is critical to the pathogenesis of connective tissue inflammation. At the cellular level, this metabolic switch involves multiple signaling molecules, including serine–threonine protein kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Although glycolysis is less efficient than mitochondrial respiration in terms of ATP production, immune cells can promote disease progression by enhancing glycolysis to satisfy cellular functions. Recent studies have shown that active glycolytic metabolism may also account for the cellular physiology of innate immune cells in AIDs. However, the mechanism by which glycolysis affects innate immunity and participates in the pathogenesis of AIDs remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms, including key enzymes, signaling pathways, and inflammatory factors, that could explain the relationship between glycolysis and the pro-inflammatory phenotype of innate immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Additionally, we summarize the impact of glycolysis on the pathophysiological processes of AIDs, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, and ankylosing spondylitis, and discuss potential therapeutic targets. The discovery that immune cell metabolism characterized by glycolysis may regulate inflammation broadens the avenues for treating AIDs by modulating immune cell metabolism.

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Targeted Immunotherapy for Autoimmune Disease

Cited by 93 publications

References 128 publications

Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the Treatment of 10 Types of Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 31 Randomized Controlled Trials

Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the Treatment of 10 Types of Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 31 Randomized Controlled Trials

“Listen to Your Immune System When It’s Calling for You”: Monitoring Autoimmune Diseases Using the iShU App

Glycolysis in Innate Immune Cells Contributes to Autoimmunity

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