Targeting by Comparison with Laboratory Experiments the SCR Catalyst Deactivation Process by Potassium and Zinc Salts in a Large-Scale Biomass Combustion Boiler

Larsson, Ann-Charlotte; Einvall, Jessica; Andersson, and Arne; Sanati, Mehri

doi:10.1021/ef060077u

Cited by 55 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Larsson et al [33] studied the effects of impregnation and aerosol deposition on activity. When KCl was impregnated into the catalyst to a concentration of 0.2 wt% (fresh catalyst 0.05%), the decrease in activity at 300 °C was 22.4%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation and Characterization of SCR Catalysts Used in Municipal Waste Incineration Applications

Brandin

Odenbrand

2017

Catal Lett

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changes in surface area (8% decrease in BET surface area over 2311 h) and pore structure were small, while the change in activity was considerable. The apparent pre-exponential factor was 1.63 × 10 5 (1/min) in the most deactivated catalyst, compared to 2.65 × 10 6 (1/min) in the fresh catalyst, i.e. a reduction of 94%. The apparent activation energy for the fresh catalyst was 40 kJ/mol, decreasing to 27 kJ/mol with increasing deactivation. Characterization showed that catalytic poisoning is mainly due to decreased acidity of the catalyst caused due to increasing amounts of Na and K.Abstract Catalysts used for selective catalytic reduction were deactivated for various times in a slipstream from a municipal solid waste incineration plant and then characterized. The activity for NO reduction with NH 3 was measured. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas were determined by N 2 adsorption from which the pore size distributions in the mesopore region were obtained. Micropore areas and volumes were also obtained. The composition of fresh and deactivated catalysts as well as fly ash was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation and Characterization of SCR Catalysts Used in Municipal Waste Incineration Applications

Brandin

Odenbrand

2017

Catal Lett

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“…Further investigation on the comparison of deactivation of monolithic SCR catalysts by particle deposition as compared to wet impregnation with the evaluated salts have been carried out by the authors (Larsson et al 2006) indicating a strong resemblance between commercially exposed catalyst samples and samples deactivated by deposition of particles as compared to wet impregnated samples. Comparisons were carried out with respect to physical as well as chemical parameters and indicate the necessity to recreate the deactivation phenomena of the industrial process under laboratory conditions.…”

Section: Catalyst Deactivation Toward Exposure To Potassium Salts Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation of SCR Catalysts by Exposure to Aerosol Particles of Potassium and Zinc Salts

Larsson

Einvall

Sanati

2007

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Generated aerosol particle deposition has been applied in laboratory scale to induce deactivation of commercial Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalysts of V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 monolithic type. The monolithic catalyst has been exposed to the generated submicrometer particle of inorganic salts, KCl, K 2 SO 4 , and ZnCl 2 at 200• C in a tubular reactor. The generated particles have been deposited on the catalytic surfaces by utilization of an electrostatic field. Physical characterization of the generated aerosol particles were conducted by Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) and Electric Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI) with and without catalyst in order to investigate the magnitude of the particle deposition. Particle charge distribution was also evaluated with a Tandem Differential Mobility Analyser (TDMA) set up.SCR is the most common method to commercially reduce NOx emissions from combustion processes. Catalyst lifetime is important for process economics and extending catalyst life can allow future strengthened emission legislation and diminished NOx emissions.Verification of particle deposition has been conducted through comparison with catalyst samples exposed to commercial biomass combustion condition.The reactivity of both fresh and exposed catalyst samples as well as commercially used samples was examined in SCR reaction and the methods of deposition as well as the influence of the different salts on catalytic performance have been explored. Catalyst samples have been evaluated with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with respect to surface morphology of the catalyst material. The laboratory deactivated catalyst samples showed resemblance with the commercially exposed catalyst sample with respect to salts concentration and deposition of the salts particles. The obtained influence on catalyst activity was comparable with commercially obtained catalyst activity reductions at comparable potassium concentration levels.

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“…Particles of KCl and K 2 SO 4 were generated by a pneumatic atomizer (AGK-2000) with experimental conditions described elsewhere [8].…”

Section: Deactivation Of Scr Catalysts By Deposition Of Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To enhance the particle deposition rate, an electrostatic field was applied to the catalyst channels [8].…”

Section: Deactivation Of Scr Catalysts By Deposition Of Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The generated particles were physically characterized with respect to number size distribution using a Mobility Particle Sizer (TSI Inc., Model 3939 SMPS) and mass size distribution using an ELPI (Electrical Low Pressure Impactor) from Dekati Ltd., as described in figure 1 with results published elsewhere [8].…”

Section: Deactivation Of Scr Catalysts By Deposition Of Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical and chemical characterisation of potassium deactivation of a SCR catalyst for biomass combustion

et al. 2007

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The deactivation of a commercial Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst, of V 2 O 5 )WO 3 /TiO 2 type, has been studied through comparisons with results from a full-scale biomass combustion plant to that with laboratory experiments. In the latter, the catalyst was exposed to KCl and K 2 SO 4 by both wet impregnation with diluted salt solutions and deposition of generated submicrometer aerosol particles by means of an electrostatic field. The reactivity of fresh and deactivated samples was examined in the SCR reaction. Chemical and physical characterizations were focusing on internal structures and chemical composition. Deposition of submicrometer sized particles on the monolithic SCR catalyst was shown to induce deactivation with characteristics resembling those obtained in a commercial biomass combustion plant.

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Targeting by Comparison with Laboratory Experiments the SCR Catalyst Deactivation Process by Potassium and Zinc Salts in a Large-Scale Biomass Combustion Boiler

Cited by 55 publications

References 13 publications

Deactivation and Characterization of SCR Catalysts Used in Municipal Waste Incineration Applications

Deactivation and Characterization of SCR Catalysts Used in Municipal Waste Incineration Applications

Deactivation of SCR Catalysts by Exposure to Aerosol Particles of Potassium and Zinc Salts

Physical and chemical characterisation of potassium deactivation of a SCR catalyst for biomass combustion

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